N’chifukwa chiyani pali kusiyana kwakukulu pa magwiridwe antchito pamene onse amachokera ku petroleum coke? Kodi matsenga a "graphitization" pa 3000℃ asintha chiyani kwenikweni?

Kuyika graphitization, kudzera mu kutentha kwambiri pa 3000℃, kumasintha maatomu a kaboni mu petroleum coke kuchokera ku kapangidwe kosokonezeka kukhala kapangidwe ka graphite kokonzedwa bwino, kukulitsa kwambiri mphamvu yake yamagetsi, mphamvu ya kutentha, kuchepetsa kukana kwamagetsi ndi phulusa, komanso kukonza mphamvu zamakanika ndi kukhazikika kwa mankhwala. Izi zimapangitsa kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa petroleum coke yokhala ndi graphitized ndi petroleum coke wamba. Kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane kuli motere:

1. Kukonzanso Kapangidwe ka Zing'onozing'ono: Kuchokera ku Chisokonezo kupita ku Dongosolo

Coke Wamba wa Mafuta: Yopangidwa chifukwa cha kuchedwa kwa kusakaniza kwa zotsalira za mafuta, maatomu ake a kaboni amakonzedwa mosagwirizana, ndi zolakwika zambiri ndi zodetsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kapangidwe kofanana ndi "kusakanikirana kwa zigawo." Kapangidwe kameneka kamalepheretsa kusamuka kwa ma elekitironi ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kutentha, pomwe zodetsa (monga sulfure ndi phulusa) zimasokoneza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito.
Graphitized Petroleum Coke: Pambuyo pokonza kutentha kwambiri pa 3000℃, maatomu a kaboni amafalikira ndikukonzedwanso kudzera mu kuyatsa kutentha, ndikupanga kapangidwe kofanana ndi graphite. Mu kapangidwe kameneka, maatomu a kaboni amakonzedwa mu gridi ya hexagonal, ndi zigawo zomangiriridwa pamodzi ndi mphamvu za van der Waals, kupanga kristalo wokonzedwa bwino. Kusinthaku kuli kofanana ndi "kukonza mapepala omwazikana kukhala mabuku abwino," zomwe zimathandiza kuti ma elekitironi ndi kutentha zigwire bwino ntchito.

2. Njira Zazikulu Zowonjezerera Magwiridwe Antchito

Kuyendetsa Magesi: Kukana kwa magetsi kwa coke ya petroleum yokhala ndi graphitized kumachepa kwambiri, ndipo kuyendetsa kwake kumaposa kwa coke wamba wa petroleum. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kapangidwe kake ka magawo kamachepetsa kufalikira kwa ma elekitironi, zomwe zimathandiza ma elekitironi kuyenda momasuka. Mwachitsanzo, mu zinthu za batri ya electrode, coke ya petroleum yokhala ndi graphitized imatha kupereka mphamvu yokhazikika.
Kuyendetsa Kutentha: Ma atomu a kaboni omwe ali m'magawo osiyanasiyana amathandizira kusamutsa kutentha mwachangu kudzera mu kugwedezeka kwa lattice. Kapangidwe kameneka kamapangitsa kuti coke ya petroleum yokhala ndi graphitized ikhale yabwino kwambiri yogwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zotenthetsera kutentha, monga zotenthetsera zamagetsi.
Kapangidwe ka makina: Kapangidwe ka kristalo ka graphitized petroleum coke kamapatsa kuuma kwakukulu komanso kukana kuwonongeka, pomwe kumakhalabe kosinthasintha pang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti isasweke mosavuta.
Kukhazikika kwa Mankhwala: Kuchiza ndi kutentha kwambiri kumachotsa zinyalala zambiri (monga sulfure ndi phulusa), kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa malo omwe mankhwala amagwirira ntchito komanso kumapangitsa kuti petroleum coke yojambulidwa ndi graphitized ikhale yokhazikika m'malo owononga.

3. Kusankha Kosiyanasiyana kwa Zochitika Zogwiritsira Ntchito

Coke ya Mafuta Okhazikika: Chifukwa cha mtengo wake wotsika, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo omwe alibe zofunikira zogwirira ntchito molimbika, monga mafuta, zipangizo zomangira misewu, kapena ngati zinthu zopangira graphitization.
Graphitized Petroleum Coke: Chifukwa cha mphamvu yake yoyendetsa magetsi, mphamvu yoyendetsa kutentha, komanso kukhazikika kwa mankhwala, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo apamwamba:

• Ma Electrode a Batri: Monga chinthu chopanda mphamvu ya ma electrode, chimawonjezera mphamvu ya kuchaja ndi kutulutsa mphamvu komanso nthawi ya moyo wa mabatire.
• Makampani Opanga Zitsulo: Monga chotenthetsera, chimasintha kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'chitsulo chosungunuka ndikuwongolera mawonekedwe achitsulo.
• Kupanga Ma Semiconductor: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu za graphite zoyera kwambiri, zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira pakupanga zinthu molondola.
• Ndege: Imagwira ntchito ngati chinthu choteteza kutentha, chopirira kutentha kwambiri.

4. Maudindo Ofunika Kwambiri a Njira Yopangira Zithunzi

Kulamulira Kutentha: 3000℃ ndiye mulingo wofunikira kwambiri wa kutentha kwa graphitization. Pansi pa kutentha kumeneku, maatomu a kaboni sangathe kukonzanso kwathunthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti graphitization isakwane; pamwamba pa kutentha kumeneku, kuwonongeka kwambiri kwa zinthuzo kungachitike, zomwe zingakhudze magwiridwe antchito.
Chitetezo cha Mlengalenga: Njirayi nthawi zambiri imachitika mumlengalenga wopanda mpweya, monga argon kapena nayitrogeni, kuti maatomu a kaboni asagwirizane ndi mpweya kuti apange carbon dioxide, zomwe zingachititse kuti zinthu ziwonongeke.
Nthawi ndi Zothandizira: Kutalikitsa nthawi yogwira ntchito kapena kuwonjezera zothandizitsa (monga boron kapena titaniyamu) kungathandize kuti ntchito ya graphitization ipitirire, koma kumawonjezera ndalama.