Kodi mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga graphitization pa graphitized petroleum coke ndi ziti?

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito graphitization ya graphitized petroleum coke ndi njira yodziwika bwino yopangira mphamvu zambiri, yokhala ndi mawonekedwe ake ogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu komanso zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimakhudza zomwe zafotokozedwa motere:

I. Deta Yogwiritsira Ntchito Mphamvu Zaikulu

1. Kusiyana Pakati pa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu Zachiphunzitso ndi Zenizeni Pamene kutentha kwa graphitization kufika pa 3,000°C, mphamvu yogwiritsidwa ntchito pa tani imodzi ya zinthu zophikidwa ndi 1,360 kWh. Komabe, popanga zenizeni, mabizinesi am'nyumba nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito 4,000–5,500 kWh pa tani, zomwe ndi kuchulukitsa mtengo wa graphite nthawi 3–4. Mwachitsanzo, chomera chachikulu cha kaboni chomwe chimapanga matani 100,000 a ma electrode a graphite pachaka chimadya 3,000–5,000 kWh pa tani panthawi ya graphitization, zomwe zikuwonetsa mphamvu yayikulu. 2. Kuchuluka kwa Mtengo Pakupanga zinthu zopangira graphite anode, ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito graphitization zimakhala pafupifupi 50% ya ndalama zonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale malo ofunikira kwambiri ochepetsera ndalama. Ndalama zamagetsi zimakhala zoposa 60% ya ndalama zonse zogwiritsira ntchito graphitization, zomwe zimatsimikizira mwachindunji momwe ntchitoyi ikuyendera bwino.

II. Kusanthula kwa Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu Kwambiri

1. Zofunikira Pachiyambi cha Njira Yopangira Graphitization imafuna chithandizo cha kutentha kwambiri (2,800–3,000°C) kuti maatomu a kaboni asinthe kuchokera ku kapangidwe kosokonezeka kukhala kapangidwe ka kristalo ka graphite. Njirayi imafuna mphamvu yopitilira kuti igonjetse kukana kwapakati pa atomu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri.

2. Kugwira Ntchito Mochepa kwa Njira Zachikhalidwe

• Acheson Furnace: Njira yodziwika bwino, koma yokhala ndi mphamvu ya kutentha ya 30% yokha, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti 30% yokha ya mphamvu zamagetsi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zojambulira, pomwe zotsalazo zimawonongeka kudzera mu kutayikira kutentha kwa uvuni ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zotsutsana.
• Mayendedwe Aatali Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu: Nthawi yogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu imodzi imayambira maola 40 mpaka 100, ndipo nthawi yopangira imatenga masiku 20 mpaka 30, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kuchuluke kwambiri. 3. Zipangizo ndi Zoletsa Zogwirira Ntchito
• Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya furnace core kumachepa ndi mphamvu yamagetsi. Kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu yamagetsi kungachepetse nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito magetsi koma kumafuna kukweza zida, zomwe zimawonjezera ndalama zogulira.
• Kukwera kwa kutentha kumachepa kuti zinthu zisawonongeke chifukwa cha kutentha, zomwe zimalepheretsa malo abwino ogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu.

III. Kupita Patsogolo ndi Zotsatira za Ukadaulo Wosunga Mphamvu

1. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mitundu Yatsopano ya Ng'anjo

• Furnace ya Internal Series Graphitization: Mfundo: Imatenthetsa ma electrode mwachindunji popanda zinthu zotsutsana, kuchepetsa kutaya kutentha. Zotsatira zake: Imachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi 20%–35% ndipo imafupikitsa nthawi yotenthetsera kufika maola 7–16.
• Furnace ya Mtundu wa Bokosi: Mfundo: Imagawa pakati pa ng'anjo m'zipinda zingapo, ndi zinthu za anode zomwe zimayikidwa m'mabokosi okhala ndi graphite omwe amadzitenthetsa okha akamayendetsedwa. Zotsatira zake: Zimawonjezera mphamvu yogwira ntchito ya ng'anjo imodzi, zimawonjezera mphamvu yonse yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ~10% yokha, zimachepetsa mphamvu yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi unit ndi 40%–50%, ndikuchotsa ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito zotsutsana.
• Furnace Yopitirira: Mfundo: Imathandizira kupanga kosalekeza kophatikizana (kukweza, kuyika magetsi, kuziziritsa, kutsitsa), kupewa kutaya kutentha chifukwa cha kugwira ntchito kwa ng'anjo kosalekeza. Zotsatira zake: Zimachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi ~60%, zimafupikitsa kwambiri nthawi yopangira, komanso zimathandizira makina odziyimira pawokha. 2. Njira Zowongolera Njira
• Mapangidwe abwino otetezera kutentha mu uvuni kuti achepetse kutaya kutentha komanso kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya kutentha.
• Kupanga mapangidwe abwino a malo otentha kuti agawidwe kutentha kofanana komanso kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.
• Machitidwe anzeru owongolera kutentha okhala ndi kuwunika kwa madera ambiri komanso ma algorithm anzeru owongolera molondola ma curve otenthetsera, kupewa kuwononga mphamvu.

IV. Zochitika ndi Mavuto a Makampani

1. Kusamutsa Mphamvu Mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito graphit ikuchulukirachulukira kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa China, pogwiritsa ntchito mitengo yotsika yamagetsi yakomweko kuti achepetse ndalama. Mwachitsanzo, Inner Mongolia ili ndi 47% ya mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito graphit, kukhala malo oyambira opangira zinthu. 2. Kukweza Ukadaulo Woyendetsedwa ndi Ndondomeko Pansi pa mfundo zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu "zolamulira ziwiri", mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito graphitization yamphamvu zambiri imakumana ndi zoletsa, zomwe zimakakamiza mabizinesi kuti agwiritse ntchito njira zosungira mphamvu. Makampani omwe ali ndi luso lopanga zinthu lophatikizana (monga, kudzipangira graphitization) amapeza zabwino zopikisana, zomwe zimathandizira kuphatikiza msika kukhala osewera otsogola. 3. Chiwopsezo cha Kusinthana kwa Ukadaulo Ngakhale kuti ng'anjo zopitilira ndi ukadaulo wina watsopano zimasunga mphamvu zambiri, ndalama zawo zambiri za zida ndi zopinga zaukadaulo zimalepheretsa kusintha mwachangu ng'anjo zachikhalidwe za Acheson. Mabizinesi ayenera kulinganiza ndalama zomwe ukadaulo umagwiritsa ntchito poyerekeza ndi phindu la nthawi yayitali.