Chogwiritsira ntchito kabotolo, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mumakampani opanga zitsulo ndi zoponyera, popangira kabotolo, kuchotsa sulfurization ndi zinthu zina zothandizira. Chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumakampani opanga zitsulo ndi zitsulo ndi kubwezera kuchuluka kwa kaboni komwe kumawotchedwa panthawi yosungunuka kwa chitsulo ndi chitsulo komanso kuwonjezera zinthu zomwe zili ndi kaboni.
Mu ndondomeko yosungunulira zitsulo ndi zitsulo, nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha nthawi yosungunulira zitsulo, nthawi yosunga, nthawi yotentha kwambiri ndi zina, kutayika kwa zinthu za kaboni mu chitsulo chamadzimadzi kumawonjezeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kaboni ikhale yochepa mu chitsulo chamadzimadzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kaboni ikhale yochepa mu chitsulo chamadzimadzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kaboni ikhale yochepa mu chitsulo chamadzimadzi sichingafikire phindu loyembekezeredwa la kuyenga. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera zinthu zosungunulira zitsulo kuti musinthe kaboni wa chitsulo, chomwe ndi chowonjezera chofunikira kwambiri popanga chitsulo chapamwamba.
Wothandizira kuwotcha mafuta malinga ndi kupanga zipangizo zopangira akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awa: kaboni wamatabwa, kaboni wa malasha, kaboni wa coke, ndi graphite.
1. Mpweya wa matabwa
2. Mpweya wa mtundu wa malasha
* Kabotolo wa malasha wopangidwa ndi calcium: Ndi chinthu chopangidwa ndi phulusa lochepa komanso sulfure yochepa mu uvuni wa calcination pambuyo pa kutentha kwa 1250℃, chomwe chimapangidwa makamaka ku Ningxia, Inner Mongolia. Kaboni wambiri ndi 90-93%. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mabizinesi opanga zitsulo, ndipo mabizinesi ena oponyera zinthu amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chitsulo cha imvi. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kakang'ono ka mamolekyu ake a kaboni, njira yoyamwitsa kutentha imachedwa ndipo nthawi imakhala yayitali.
* Asphalt coking carburizer: chinthu chopangidwa kuchokera ku hydrogenation ya malasha kuti apange mafuta. Ndi carbon yambiri, sulfure yochepa komanso nayitrogeni yochepa yochokera ku phula. Kuchuluka kwa kaboni kuli pakati pa 96-99.5%, kuchuluka kwa volatility kumakhala kochepa, kapangidwe kake ndi kolimba, mphamvu yamakina ndi kukana kuwonongeka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi kokwera, kosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito graphitization.
* Chopangira chotenthetsera cha coke chachitsulo: chotenthetsera malasha, nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi coke yayikulu, kuwonjezera pa kusungunula, komanso chimagwiritsidwa ntchito potenthetsera chachitsulo.
3. Coke (petroleum coke) kaboni
* Carburizer ya coke yokhala ndi calcined: Ndi chinthu chopangidwa ndi coke ya petroleum yokhala ndi sulfure yochepa ngati zopangira, yomwe imakonzedwa mu uvuni wa calcination pa madigiri 1300-1500 mutachotsa chinyezi, volatilizes ndi zinyalala. Kuchuluka kwa kaboni komwe kumakhala kokhazikika nthawi zambiri kumakhala kokhazikika pa 98.5%, ndipo kuchuluka kwa sulfure nthawi zambiri kumakhala kochepera 0.5% kapena 1%. Kuchuluka kwake ndi kochepa, sikusavuta kuwola, ndipo nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito ndi yapakatikati. Kupanga kumachitika makamaka ku Shandong, Liaoning, Tianjin. Chifukwa cha mtengo wake komanso kupezeka kwake m'magulu ambiri a carburizing agent kuli ndi ubwino, msika umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
* Chothandizira kuwotcha mafuta a coke ya graphitic: mafuta a coke mu uvuni wosungunula mafuta a graphitic pambuyo pa madigiri 3000 a kutentha kwakukulu kopanga zinthu za graphitic, zomwe zimayamwa mwachangu, mpweya wambiri komanso ubwino wochepa wa sulfure. Kuchuluka kwa kaboni ndi 98-99%, index ya sulfure ndi yotsika kuposa 0.05% kapena 0.03%, madera opanga zinthu amakhala ku Inner Mongolia, Jiangsu, Sichuan ndi zina zotero. Njira ina imachokera ku graphite electrode kudula zinyalala, chifukwa graphite electrode yokha pambuyo pa chithandizo cha graphitization, zinyalalazo zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chothandizira kuwotcha mafuta pazipando zachitsulo.
* Semi-graphitic petroleum coke carburizer: kutentha kwa graphitic sikokwera kwambiri ngati graphitic carburizer, kuchuluka kwa kaboni nthawi zambiri kumakhala kopitilira 99.5, kuchuluka kwa sulfure kumakhala kokwera kuposa graphitic carburizer, pansi pa 0.3%.
4. Mtundu wa graphite
* Chogwiritsira ntchito graphite ngati dziko lapansi: ndi kugwiritsa ntchito graphite ngati dziko lapansi mu chitsulo ndi chitsulo chosungunula kapena choponyera carburizing, malo ake akuluakulu opangira zinthu ku Hunan, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mwachindunji ufa wa graphite ngati dziko lapansi, nthawi zambiri mpweya uli mu 75-80%, ukhoza kuyeretsedwa kuti uwonjezere mpweya wa carbon.
* Chothandizira chachilengedwe cha graphite carburizing: makamaka graphite yopyapyala, mpweya wokwanira mu 65-99%, kukhazikika kochepa, komwe nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale achitsulo.
* Chopangira kabotolo chophatikizana: ufa wa graphite, ufa wa coke, coke ya petroleum ndi zipangizo zina za phazi, kuwonjezera zomangira zosiyanasiyana ndi makinawo kumatha kukanikiza mawonekedwe ake, kuti ndodo ikhale yopyapyala. Kuchuluka kwa mpweya nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 93 ndi 97%, ndipo kuchuluka kwa sulfure kumakhala kosakhazikika kwambiri, nthawi zambiri pakati pa 0.09 ndi 0.7.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-17-2022