Kawirikawiri, ndikofunikira kuumitsa chinyezi mu coke yaiwisi musanagwiritse ntchito calcium, makamaka pazochitika izi pomwe kuumitsa ndi njira yofunika kwambiri:
I. Zotsatira Zoyipa za Chinyezi pa Njira Yopangira Calcination
1. Kukhudza Kugwira Ntchito Bwino kwa Zinthu Zosakhazikika
Ngati coke yaiwisi (monga petroleum coke ndi anthracite) ili ndi chinyezi chochuluka, kuuma kwa madzi kumadya kutentha kwakukulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kusinthe mu ng'anjo ya calcination panthawi yoyambirira. Izi zimakhudza kutuluka kwa zinthu zosasunthika (monga sulfure ndi mankhwala a hydrogen). Mwachitsanzo, petroleum coke imatulutsa chinyezi pansi pa 200°C. Ngati chinyezicho sichinachotsedwe kwathunthu, gawo lotulutsa zinthu zosasunthika (500-700°C) lingachedwe chifukwa cha kutentha kosakwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthuzo zisawonongeke bwino komanso chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha kusweka kwa zinthuzo.
2. Kuchepetsa Kapangidwe ka Zinthu Zopangira
Chinyezi chimachepetsa mgwirizano pakati pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta zinthu zopangira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito zokonzekera zisanachitike monga kuphwanya, kusanthula, ndi kupukuta zikhale zovuta. Mwachitsanzo, petroleum coke yokhala ndi chinyezi choposa 10% imatha kutseka zida panthawi yophwanya ndipo imapanga tinthu tating'onoting'ono tosafanana pambuyo pogaya, zomwe zimakhudza ubwino wa njira zosakanikirana ndi kupanga pambuyo pake.
3. Kuwonjezeka kwa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu ndi Ndalama
Kutuluka kwa chinyezi kumafuna kutentha kowonjezereka. Ngati sichinaumitsidwe kale, ng'anjo ya calcination iyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ambiri kuti kutentha kukhale koyenera. Mwachitsanzo, kuchepetsa chinyezi ndi 1% kungapulumutse pafupifupi ma kilojoules 20 pa kilogalamu imodzi ya kutentha, ndipo kuyanika kungachepetse kwambiri ndalama zopangira.
II. Kupititsa patsogolo Ubwino wa Calcination kudzera mu Kuumitsa
1. Kukweza Kuchuluka ndi Mphamvu za Zipangizo Zapadera
Pambuyo pouma, chinyezi cha zinthu zopangira chimatsika pansi pa 0.3%. Panthawi ya calcination, kutuluka kwa zinthu zosasunthika kumakhala kokwanira, ndipo kuchuluka kwa zinthu zopangira kumakhala kofanana. Kuchuluka kwenikweni (monga kuwonjezeka kuchokera pa 1.42-1.61 g/cm³ mpaka 2.00-2.12 g/cm³ ya petroleum coke) ndi mphamvu ya makina ya zinthu zopangira zimawonjezeka kwambiri, zomwe zimachepetsa kuchepa kwachiwiri kwa zinthu panthawi yophika.
2. Kulimbikitsa Kukana kwa Ma Conductivity ndi Oxidation
Panthawi ya calcination, kapangidwe ka mamolekyu a zinthu zopangira kamakonzedwanso, ndipo resistivity imachepa (monga, resistivity ya petroleum coke imachepa ndi kutentha kwa calcination), kusintha kwa conductivity. Pakadali pano, filimu ya pyrolytic carbon imayikidwa pamwamba pa tinthu, ndikuwonjezera kukana kwa okosijeni ndikuwonjezera moyo wautumiki wa zinthu.
3. Kukonza Kukhazikika kwa Njira
Zipangizo zouma zokhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira zingapewe kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha mu uvuni wa calcination ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa kutentha kwa zida. Mwachitsanzo, poletsa chinyezi cha malasha chomwe chimalowa mu uvuni wa coke pansi pa 3%, zomera za coke zimatha kukulitsa moyo wa uvuni wa coke ndi zaka zoposa 10 ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa makoma a chipinda cha uvuni wa coke ndi 90%.
III. Zofunikira Pantchito Youma
1. Kulamulira Kutentha ndi Nthawi
Kutentha kwa kuumitsa nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 110-130°C, ndipo nthawi iyenera kusinthidwa malinga ndi kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi choyambirira cha zinthu zopangira. Mwachitsanzo, petroleum coke yokhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tosakwana 3 mm imafuna pafupifupi maola 2-4 kuti iume bwino kuti chinyezi chikhale chofanana.
2. Kusankha Zipangizo
Zipangizo zodziwika bwino zoumitsira zimaphatikizapo ma uvuni ozungulira ndi zoumitsira ng'oma. Ma uvuni ozungulira amaumitsa bwino pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwa countercurrent, pomwe zoumitsira ng'oma zimachepetsa kumamatira kwa zinthu ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito ouma pogwiritsa ntchito mbale zowongolera zamkati ndi zida zoyeretsera.
3. Njira Zotetezera Zachilengedwe
Dongosolo loumitsa liyenera kukhala ndi zipangizo zochotsera fumbi (monga zosonkhanitsa fumbi la mphepo yamkuntho + zosonkhanitsa fumbi lonyowa) kuti muchepetse fumbi lotulutsa utsi, ndi mphamvu yochotsa fumbi mpaka 99% kapena kuposerapo. Pakadali pano, dongosolo loyatsira limagwiritsa ntchito choyatsira mpweya, chomwe ndi chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso chodalirika.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-13-2026