Njira yopangira ma electrode a graphite amphamvu kwambiri iyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zolimba za kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zamagetsi, kupsinjika kwakukulu kwa kutentha, komanso mphamvu za physicochemical. Zofunikira zake zapadera zimawonetsedwa m'magawo asanu ofunikira: kusankha zinthu zopangira, ukadaulo wopanga, njira zoperekera, chithandizo cha graphitization, ndi makina olondola, monga momwe zafotokozedwera pansipa:
I. Kusankha Zinthu Zopangira: Kulinganiza Kuyera Kwambiri ndi Kapangidwe Kapadera
Zofunikira Zazikulu Zazinthu Zopangira
Needle coke ndi chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa graphitization komanso kuchuluka kochepa kwa kutentha (α₀-₀: 0.5–1.2×10⁻⁶/℃), zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zolimba za kutentha kwa ma electrode amphamvu kwambiri. Kuchuluka kwa needle coke kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa komwe kumakhala mu ma electrode wamba, komwe kumaposa 60% mu ma electrode amphamvu kwambiri, pomwe ma electrode wamba amagwiritsa ntchito petroleum coke.
Kukonza Zinthu Zothandiza
Pitch yosinthidwa kutentha kwambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomangira chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mpweya woipa komanso kuchuluka kochepa kwa mpweya woipa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti electrode ikhale ndi mphamvu zambiri (≥1.68 g/cm³) komanso mphamvu ya makina (mphamvu yosinthasintha ≥10.5 MPa). Kuphatikiza apo, coke yachitsulo imawonjezedwa kuti isinthe kukula kwa tinthu, kukonza mphamvu yoyendetsera mpweya komanso kukana kutentha.
II. Ukadaulo Wopanga: Kupanga Kwachiwiri Kumagonjetsa Zolepheretsa Kukula
Kugubuduza-Kutulutsa Kophatikizana
Njira zachikhalidwe zimadalira ma extruder akuluakulu kuti apange ma electrode akuluakulu, pomwe ma electrode amphamvu kwambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira yachiwiri yopangira:
- Kuumba Koyamba: Chotulutsira chozungulira chosasinthasintha chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyika zinthu zosakanikiranazo kukhala zobiriwira.
- Kuumba Kwachiwiri: Ukadaulo woumba kugwedezeka umachotsanso zolakwika zamkati mwa zobiriwira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zofanana.
Njira imeneyi imalola kupanga ma electrode akuluakulu (monga, mpaka 1,330 mm) pogwiritsa ntchito zida zazing'ono, kugonjetsa zoletsa zachikhalidwe.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zida Zanzeru Zotulutsira
Chotulutsira ma electrode cha graphite cha 60 MN chokhala ndi makina anzeru okhala ndi kutalika kwanzeru, kudula kogwirizana, ndi makina otumizira zinthu kumawonjezera kulondola kwa kutalika ndi 55% poyerekeza ndi njira zachikhalidwe, zomwe zimathandiza kupanga zinthu mosalekeza komanso kumawonjezera kwambiri magwiridwe antchito komanso kusinthasintha kwa zinthu.
III. Njira Yoperekera Utoto: Kupereka Utoto Wopanikizika Kwambiri Kumawonjezera Kuchuluka ndi Mphamvu
Kuphika Nthawi Zambiri Zopangira Impregnation
Ma electrode amphamvu kwambiri amafuna ma cycle awiri mpaka atatu odzaza ndi mphamvu yamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito pitch yosinthidwa kutentha kwapakati ngati impregnant, ndipo kulemera kumawongoleredwa pa 15%–18%. Kudzaza kulikonse kumatsatiridwa ndi kuphika kwachiwiri (1,200–1,250℃) kuti mudzaze ma pores, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuchuluka kwa bulk kupitirire 1.72 g/cm³ ndi mphamvu yokakamiza ya ≥26.8 MPa.
Chithandizo Chapadera cha Zolumikizira Zosanja
Zigawo zolumikizira zimayikidwa mu impregnation yamphamvu kwambiri (≥2 MPa) ndi ma cycle angapo ophikira kuti zitsimikizire kuti kukana kwa kukhudzana ndi ≤0.15 mΩ, kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakutumiza kwamphamvu kwambiri.
IV. Chithandizo cha Graphitization: Kusintha kwa Kutentha Kwambiri ndi Kukonza Mphamvu Moyenera
Kukonza Kutentha Kwambiri kwa Acheson Furnace
Kutentha kwa graphitization kuyenera kufika pa ≥2,800℃ kuti maatomu a kaboni asinthe kuchokera ku dongosolo losokonezeka la magawo awiri kukhala kapangidwe ka graphite kokonzedwa ndi magawo atatu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kukana pang'ono (≤6.5 μΩ·m) komanso kutentha kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, kampani ina inafupikitsa nthawi ya graphitization kukhala miyezi isanu ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu mwa kukonza bwino mapangidwe azinthu zoteteza.
Ukadaulo Wosunga Mphamvu Mogwirizana
Ukadaulo wosunga mphamvu pafupipafupi komanso njira zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu moyenera zimathandiza kuyang'anira katundu wa zida nthawi yeniyeni komanso kusinthana kwa njira zogwirira ntchito, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa gulu la mapampu ndi 30% ndikuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito kwambiri.
V. Kupanga Machining Mwanzeru: Kuwongolera Mwanzeru Kwambiri Kumatsimikizira Kugwira Ntchito Mwanzeru
Zofunikira pa Kulondola kwa Makina Opangira Makina
Kulekerera kwa ma electrode diameter ndi ±1.5%, kulekerera konse kwa kutalika ndi ±0.5%, ndipo kulondola kwa ulusi wolumikizira kumafika pa Class 4H/4h. Kuwongolera kolondola kwambiri kwa geometric kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito makina a CNC ndi machitidwe ozindikira pa intaneti, kuteteza kusinthasintha kwa magetsi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha eccentricity ya ma electrode panthawi yogwira ntchito ya ng'anjo yamagetsi.
Kukonza Ubwino Wapamwamba
Ukadaulo wotulutsa zinthu zopanda zinyalala umachepetsa njira zopangira zinthu, komanso umathandiza kuti zinthu zigwiritsidwe ntchito bwino. Mapangidwe a nozzle opindika amawonjezera mphamvu yamagetsi, kuonjezera phindu la zinthu ndi 3% komanso kukulitsa mphamvu yamagetsi ndi 8%.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-21-2025