Kodi mfundo, ubwino ndi kuipa kwa zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zopangira graphitized petroleum coke ndi ziti?

Mu njira yopangira mafuta a coke okhala ndi graphitized, zida zosiyanasiyana zimakwaniritsa kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka atomu ya kaboni kudzera mu mfundo zawo zapadera za njira, ndipo zabwino ndi zoyipa zake zimawonetsedwa makamaka pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, magwiridwe antchito, mtundu wa malonda, ndi ndalama zosamalira zida. Pansipa pali kusanthula kwa zida zazikulu, pamodzi ndi mfundo zawo, zabwino, ndi zoyipa:

I. Ng'anjo Yopangira Zithunzi (Zida Zazikulu)

Mfundo yaikulu:
Uvuni wa graphitization umagwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwambiri (nthawi zambiri kufika pa 2400-3000°C), pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yoyatsira kutentha kuti ipangitse maatomu a kaboni kusintha kuchoka pa kapangidwe kosasunthika kupita ku kapangidwe ka kristalo ka graphite, motero kumaliza njira yojambulira. Chimake chake chili pakupereka malo otentha kwambiri komanso okhazikika kuti athandize kukonzanso kapangidwe ka maatomu a kaboni mkati mwa petroleum coke.

Ubwino:

• Ubwino Wapamwamba wa Zinthu: Imatha kupanga coke ya petroleum yokhala ndi graphitized yokhala ndi carbon yambiri, sulfure yochepa, ndi nayitrogeni yochepa, kukwaniritsa zofunikira za ma carburizer m'mafakitale apamwamba achitsulo, chitsulo chapadera, ndi zitsulo.
• Njira Yokhwima: Monga zida zachikhalidwe, njira yake yaukadaulo ndi yokhazikika komanso yoyenera kupanga zinthu zambiri.

Zoyipa:

• Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu Zambiri: Kukonza kutentha kwambiri kumafuna mphamvu zambiri zamagetsi, zomwe zimapangitsa pafupifupi 50% ya ndalama zonse zopangira graphite yopangidwa.
• Kuchuluka Kwa Nthawi Yopangira: Uvuni wokhazikika wa graphitization umafuna masiku 10-20 kuti uzizire ndi kutulutsa zinthu, zomwe zimawonjezera nthawi yonse yopangira.
• Ndalama Zokwera Zokonzera Zipangizo: Malo otentha kwambiri amachititsa kuti zipangizo za uvuni zikalamba mofulumira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kukonzedwa nthawi zonse.

II. Ng'anjo Yosalekeza Yopangira Zithunzi (Zida Zabwino)

Mfundo yaikulu:
Chotenthetsera chosalekeza cha graphitization chimagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka malo otentha, zomwe zimathandiza kuti petroleum coke iziuma, kusungunuka, kuzizira, komanso kuzizira motsatizana pamene ikuyenda mu ng'anjo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kupanga kosalekeza. Chimake chake chimakhala pakufupikitsa nthawi yokonza pa gulu lililonse kudzera mu kayendedwe ka zinthu.

Ubwino:

• Kugwiritsa Ntchito Bwino Kwambiri: Popanda kusokoneza magetsi, zinthuzo zimayendayenda nthawi zonse mu uvuni, zomwe zimachepetsa nthawi yokonza pa gulu lililonse kufika pa maola angapo mpaka masiku.
• Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu Zochepa: Mwa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kutentha komanso kuchepetsa kutentha kosalekeza, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa chinthu chimodzi kumachepa.
• Ubwino Wokhazikika wa Zinthu: Kulamulira kutentha kwa malo otenthetsera kumachepetsa kutentha kwambiri komwe kumachitika m'deralo kapena kutentha pang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zizikhala bwino.

Zoyipa:

• Zipangizo Zovuta Kwambiri: Kulamulira bwino kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe ka zinthu, kugawa kutentha, ndi zina zofunika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale malire apamwamba aukadaulo.
• Ndalama Zoyambira Kwambiri: Mtengo womangira mzere wopangira nthawi zonse ndi wokwera kuposa wa zida zachikhalidwe.

III. Chopukusira Chopyapyala Chapamwamba (Zida Zothandizira)

Mfundo yaikulu:
Chopukusira cha ultrafine chimagwiritsa ntchito kugundana, kumeta, ndi kutulutsa mwachangu kwambiri kuti chigaye graphitized petroleum coke kukhala tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta micron (monga, ma mesh 200), kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timagwiritsidwa ntchito monga zowonjezera za rabara.

Ubwino:

• Kuwongolera Kukula kwa Tinthu Mwanzeru: Imatha kupanga ufa wabwino kwambiri kuyambira 0.001-0.1mm, womwe umakwaniritsa zosowa zamsika zapamwamba.
• Kapangidwe ka Zovala Zochepa: Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zolimba kwambiri popera nyundo ndi mphete za zida kumawonjezera nthawi ya zida.
• Makina Odzipangira Okha Kwambiri: Magulu ophatikizana ndi machitidwe osonkhanitsira zinthu amachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito manja, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchitoyo ikhale yokhazikika.

Zoyipa:

• Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu Kwambiri Pogwiritsa Ntchito Kukula kwa Tinthu: Kupera mpaka kufika pamlingo wa micron kumafuna mphamvu zambiri, zomwe zimawonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa chinthucho.
• Mtengo Wapamwamba wa Zipangizo: Zipangizo za aloyi zolimba kwambiri komanso machitidwe ogawa molondola zimathandiza kuti ndalama zoyambira zikhale zapamwamba kwambiri.

IV. Ng'anjo Yothira Kalisiamu (Zida Zothandizira Pasadakhale)

Mfundo yaikulu:
Chotenthetsera cha calcination chimasamalira coke yaiwisi ya petroleum pa kutentha kwa pafupifupi 1300°C kuti chichotse zinthu zosasunthika ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa kaboni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthuzo zikhale zapamwamba kwambiri kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pambuyo pake. Chimake chake chimakhala pakulamulira kutentha kwa calcination ndi nthawi kuti apewe kuyaka kwambiri.

Ubwino:

• Ubwino Wabwino wa Zinthu Zopangira: Kuchuluka kwa calcination kumachepetsa zinthu zosinthasintha komanso kumawonjezera mphamvu ya makina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti petroleum coke ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito graphitization.
• Kugwirizana Kwambiri ndi Njira: Imatha kukonza coke yamafuta osaphika kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimathandiza kuti zinthu zosiyanasiyana zigwiritsidwe ntchito.

Zoyipa:

• Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu Zambiri: Kutentha kosalekeza kuti calcination ikhale yotentha kwambiri kumawonjezera mtengo wa mphamvu.
• Kupanikizika Kwambiri kwa Zachilengedwe: Kuyaka kwa zinthu zosinthasintha kungayambitse kuipitsa mpweya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale njira zochiritsira mpweya wam'mbuyo.

V. Kuyerekeza ndi Kusankha Zipangizo Malangizo

Malangizo Osankha:

• Ikani patsogolo ng'anjo ya graphitization ngati khalidwe lapamwamba la zinthu ndi kukhazikika ndizofunikira kwambiri, komanso kusamala kwa mtengo kuli kochepa.
• Sankhani ng'anjo yokhazikika ya graphitization ngati kukulitsa magwiridwe antchito komanso kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndizofunikira kwambiri.
• Chopukusira cha ultrafine n'chofunika kwambiri ngati chikuyang'ana misika ya ufa wapamwamba kwambiri wa micron.
• Chophikira cha calcination, monga zida zochizira chisanayambike, chiyenera kukonzedwa mosinthasintha kutengera mtundu wa zinthu zopangira.