Kusiyana Kwakukulu Pakati pa Petroleum Coke ndi Needle Coke ndi Zotsatira Zake pa Ubwino wa Electrode
I. Kusiyana kwa Zipangizo Zapamwamba ndi Njira Zopangira
Coke ya Petroleum
- Zipangizo Zopangira: Chopangidwa makamaka ndi mafuta olemera kapena mafuta otsala ochokera ku distillation ya mafuta osakonzedwa, okhala ndi zinthu zambiri zodetsa (monga sulfure, vanadium, nickel).
- Njira: Yopangidwa kudzera mu coking yochedwa, kupanga kapangidwe konga siponji kosokonezeka pambuyo pa kusweka kwa kutentha kwambiri, yokhala ndi ma pore ambiri (mpaka >0.3 cm³/g) komanso yosavuta kuyamwa chinyezi.
- Mtengo: Njira yosavuta yopangira yokhala ndi ndalama zochepa, koma kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa khalidwe chifukwa chodalira kukhazikika kwa zinthu zopangira.
Singano Coke
- Zipangizo Zopangira: Zimafunika mafuta otsala a petroleum okhala ndi sulfure yochepa, omwe alibe nayitrogeni wambiri (monga mafuta osungunuka) kapena phula la malasha, motsatira malamulo okhwima okhudza kuipitsidwa.
- Njira: Ikuphatikizapo kukonza zinthu zopangira, kuchedwetsa kuphika, ndi kusungunuka kwa calcium kwambiri (1,200–1,400°C), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma carbon microcrystals ozungulira kwambiri apange kapangidwe ka ulusi.
- Mtengo: Njira yovuta yopangira yomwe imadula kangapo kuposa petroleum coke wamba, koma imapereka magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri.
II. Zotsatira pa Ubwino wa Ma Electrode
Kuyendetsa Magetsi
- Petroleum Coke: Yolimba kwambiri, yomwe imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zinthu zosafunika (monga sulfure, vanadium). High-sulfur coke imapanga ma gaseous oxides panthawi ya electrolysis, zomwe zimayambitsa kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe komanso kuchepa kwa conductivity.
- Needle Coke: Kukana mphamvu kotsika (chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakuwunika bwino mphamvu pogwiritsa ntchito ufa), kuonetsetsa kuti magetsi akuyenda bwino, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, komanso kukonza bwino mphamvu zamagetsi.
Kukhazikika kwa Kutentha ndi Kukana kwa Oxidation
- Petroleum Coke: Coefficient yayikulu ya kutentha (CTE), yomwe imayamba kusweka kutentha kwambiri, komanso imakhala yolimba kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma electrode agwiritsidwe ntchito mwachangu.
- Needle Coke: CTE yochepa komanso kukana kutentha kwambiri, kusunga bata la kapangidwe kake pa kutentha kopitilira 3,000°C ndikuwonjezera nthawi ya moyo wa electrode.
Mphamvu ya Makina ndi Kukana Kudzikundikira
- Petroleum Coke: Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tochepa, tomwe timagawikana m'njira zolimbitsa thupi za cryolite, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu azigwiritsa ntchito kwambiri.
- Needle Coke: Kapangidwe ka ulusi kamatha kufalitsa kupsinjika, komwe kumapereka kukana kwakukulu ku kukwawa kwa makina, komwe ndi koyenera kwambiri m'malo ovuta monga kupanga zitsulo zamagetsi zamphamvu kwambiri.
Kulamulira Zodetsa ndi Kusasinthasintha kwa Zinthu
- Petroleum Coke: Kusiyanasiyana kwakukulu kwa zinthu zodetsedwa (monga Ni, V, Ca), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma anode azigwira ntchito bwino, kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a electrode ndikuchepetsa mphamvu ya electrolysis ya aluminiyamu.
- Needle Coke: Kuchuluka kwa kuipitsidwa kochepa kwambiri komwe kumachitika kudzera mu hydrorefining yozama komanso calcination yolimba, kuonetsetsa kuti zinthuzo zimapangidwa bwino kwambiri popanga ma electrode apamwamba.
III. Kugwiritsa Ntchito ndi Mtengo Wachuma
Coke ya Petroleum
- Ntchito Zazikulu: Mafuta a mafakitale (monga ma uvuni a simenti, ziwiya zagalasi), zipangizo za kaboni zochepa (monga ma electrode oyambira a graphite, phala la anode).
- Zoletsa: Kutsika kwa msika wa coke wokhala ndi sulfure wambiri chifukwa cha malamulo okhudza chilengedwe, osayenerera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Singano Coke
- Ntchito Zazikulu: Mtengo Wachuma: Mtengo wake ndi wokwera nthawi 5-10 kuposa mafuta wamba a petroleum coke, ndipo kufunikira kwake kukukulirakulira chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo watsopano wamagetsi.
- Ma electrode a graphite amphamvu kwambiri: Amawerengera> 60% ya kufunikira konse kwa singano ya coke, kofunikira kwambiri popanga zitsulo za ng'anjo yamagetsi.
- Ma anode a batri a lithiamu-ion apamwamba kwambiri: Kapangidwe kake ndi kristalo zimathandiza kufalikira kwa lithiamu-ion, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti batri igwire bwino ntchito.
- Zinthu zapadera za graphite: Monga graphite ya nyukiliya ndi zipangizo za graphite zomwe zimakhala ndi kutentha kwambiri.
IV. Zochitika ndi Mavuto a Makampani
Singano Coke:
- Kuwonjezeka mwachangu kwa mphamvu zamafuta m'dziko muno (kukuyembekezeka kuti mphamvu ya singano ya coke yochokera ku mafuta idzafika matani 2.21 miliyoni pachaka pofika chaka cha 2023), ngakhale kuti kudalira kwambiri zinthu zapamwamba zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja kukupitirirabe. Kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kukupitirirabe kukhala kofunika kwambiri.
Coke ya Petroleum:
- Misika yapakati mpaka yotsika ikukumana ndi mavuto azachilengedwe, zomwe zimafuna kukhazikika kwa khalidwe kudzera mu njira zogwiritsira ntchito homogenization (monga kusakaniza zinthu zopangira kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana). Komabe, sizingalowe m'malo mwa singano coke m'malo mwa ntchito zapamwamba.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-11-2025