Kodi zida zazikulu zopangira coke ya petroleum yokhala ndi graphitized ndi ziti?

Zipangizo zazikulu zopangira graphitized petroleum coke ndi continuous graphitization furnace. Ubwino wake waukadaulo ndi mawonekedwe ake a njira zapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chachikulu mumakampani, monga momwe zafotokozedwera pansipa:

I. Malo Ofunika Kwambiri a Zofukizira Zosalekeza

1. Mfundo Yoyendetsera Ntchito

Uvuni wopitilira wa graphitization umasintha mamolekyu a kaboni mu petroleum coke kuchoka pa dongosolo losokonezeka kukhala kapangidwe ka hexagonal, kokonzedwa bwino kudzera mu kutentha kwambiri (pafupifupi 3000°C) ndi chithandizo chamagetsi. Njirayi imapatsa petroleum coke mphamvu zamagetsi zambiri komanso kukhazikika kwa kutentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yowonjezera kaboni komanso zopangira ma electrode a graphite.

2. Ubwino Woyerekeza Makampani

• Ng'anjo Yachikhalidwe ya Acheson: Imafuna kunyamula zinthu zambiri, kutenthetsa, ndi kuziziritsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito mphamvu zambiri komanso nthawi yayitali (pafupifupi masiku 15-20). Kuphatikiza apo, imafuna zinthu zambiri zotetezera kutentha (monga coke) kuti ikwaniritse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ndalama zambiri komanso kuti ikhale yotsika mtengo.
• Utoto Wosalekeza wa Graphitization: Umathandiza kudyetsa mosalekeza, kugawa graphitization, ndi kutulutsa zinthu zopangira, ndi ng'anjo imodzi yomwe imatha kupanga matani 50-100 patsiku. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kumachepetsedwa ndi 30%-50%, ndipo sikufunika kudzaza zinthu, zomwe zimachepetsa kupanga zinyalala.

II. Makhalidwe a Ukadaulo a Zofukizira Zosalekeza

1. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Bwino Kwambiri ndi Kusunga Mphamvu

Thupi la ng'anjo limagwiritsa ntchito njira yotetezera kutentha yokhala ndi zigawo zambiri (monga carbon felt, graphite felt) kuti ichepetse kutaya kutentha, kukweza mphamvu ya kutentha kufika pa 80%. Dongosolo lotenthetsera lolimba limapereka njira yowongolera kutentha molondola, kuteteza kutentha kwambiri m'deralo kapena kutentha pang'ono komanso kuonetsetsa kuti graphitization yake ndi yabwino.

2. Kulamulira Kokha

Yokhala ndi makina owongolera a PLC, imayang'anira nthawi zonse magawo monga kutentha, kuthamanga, ndi mphamvu yamagetsi, ndikusinthira mphamvu yotenthetsera ndi liwiro la chakudya. Mphamvu zowunikira patali zimathandizira zidziwitso za zolakwika ndi kukonza bwino njira, kuchepetsa kulowererapo kwamanja.

3. Kugwira Ntchito kwa Zachilengedwe

Kapangidwe ka ng'anjo yotsekedwayi kamachepetsa fumbi ndi utsi wotulutsa utsi, pomwe zida zophatikizira zochotsera utsi ndi fumbi zimakwaniritsa miyezo ya chilengedwe. Dongosolo lobwezeretsa kutentha kwa zinyalala limagwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwa utsi kuti litenthetse zipangizo zopangira, zomwe zimachepetsanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.

III. Zigawo ndi Ntchito za Zida Zapakati

1. Kapangidwe ka Ng'anjo

• Malo Otenthetsera: Yopangidwa ndi ma electrode a graphite kapena mawaya oletsa kutentha, imapereka malo otentha kwambiri.
• Chotchingira Choteteza: Chimagwiritsa ntchito carbon felt kapena graphite felt kuti chichepetse kutaya kwa kutentha.
• Dongosolo Lodyetsera: Zonyamulira zokulungira kapena zodyetsa zogwedezeka zimaonetsetsa kuti zinthu zopangira zikupezeka mosalekeza komanso mofanana.
• Dongosolo Lotulutsira Madzi: Zipangizo zoziziritsidwa ndi madzi kapena zoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya zimaziziritsa mofulumira zinthu zopangidwa ndi graphit kuti zisawonongeke.

2. Zipangizo Zothandizira

• Makina Ophwanyira ndi Kuwunika: Amaswa coke ya petroleum yosaphika m'tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta 1-6mm kuti atsimikizire kutentha kofanana.
• Njira Yochotsera Fumbi: Zosefera za matumba kapena zotulutsira mpweya zamagetsi zimasonkhanitsa fumbi ndikuyeretsa mpweya wotulutsa utsi.
• Dongosolo Lowongolera: Makina a PLC kapena DCS amalola kugwira ntchito kokha panthawi yonseyi.

IV. Milandu Yogwiritsira Ntchito ndi Ubwino Wachuma

1. Mapulojekiti Achizolowezi a M'nyumba

Kampani ina inagwiritsa ntchito ng'anjo yopangira graphitization kuti ipange zowonjezera za petroleum coke carbon zomwe zimagulitsidwa pa graphitized, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti pakhale mphamvu yotulutsa matani 80 patsiku pa ng'anjo iliyonse. Kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi pa tani imodzi kunatsika kuchoka pa 6000 kWh m'ng'anjo zachikhalidwe kufika pa 3500 kWh, zomwe zinapulumutsa ndalama zoposa yuan miliyoni khumi pachaka pamagetsi. Kuchuluka kwa kaboni komwe kumakhazikika mu chinthuchi ndi ≥98.5%, ndipo kuchuluka kwa sulfure ndi ≤0.05%, zomwe zinafika pa miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi ndikulowa m'malo mwa zinthu zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja.

2. Zochitika Zachitukuko Padziko Lonse

Ukadaulo wopitilira wa graphitization umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Europe ndi United States, pamodzi ndi njira zanzeru zowongolera zopangira zopanda anthu. Makampani aku Japan akonza bwino nyumba za uvuni kuti azilamulira kutentha kwa graphitization mkati mwa ±5°C, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zizikhala zofanana.

V. Malangizo Osankha

1. Kufananiza Mphamvu

Sankhani kukula kwa ng'anjo kutengera zomwe msika ukufunikira: ng'anjo zazing'ono (matani 10-30 patsiku) ndizoyenera kupanga kafukufuku ndi chitukuko kapena kupanga pang'ono, pomwe ng'anjo zazikulu (zoposa matani 50 patsiku) ndizoyenera kupanga m'mafakitale.

2. Magawo aukadaulo

• Kutentha Kwambiri: ≥3000°C (kuti zitsimikizire kuti graphitization yonse yachitika).
• Kufanana kwa Kutentha: ≤±10°C (kupewa kutentha kwambiri kapena kutentha pang'ono).
• Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu: ≤3500 kWh/tani (pansi pa avareji ya makampani).

3. Kusankha kwa Ogulitsa

Ikani patsogolo opanga omwe ali ndi mbiri yabwino komanso othandizira kwambiri pambuyo pogulitsa, monga makampani ena olemera komanso makina apakhomo. Zipangizo zawo zadutsa satifiketi ya ISO ndipo zatumizidwa ku Southeast Asia ndi Europe.