Kodi graphitization ndi carbonization ndi chiyani, ndipo kusiyana kwake ndi kotani?

Kodi graphitization ndi chiyani?

Kuyika graphite ndi njira yamafakitale yomwe kaboni imasinthidwa kukhala graphite. Uku ndi kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka microstructure komwe kumachitika mu kaboni kapena zitsulo zopanda alloy zomwe zimayikidwa kutentha kwa madigiri 425 mpaka 550 Celsius kwa nthawi yayitali, mwachitsanzo maola 1,000. Uku ndi mtundu wa kuyika graphite. Mwachitsanzo, kapangidwe ka microstructure ka carbon-molybdenum steels nthawi zambiri kamakhala ndi pearlite (chisakanizo cha ferrite ndi cementite). Zinthu zikayikidwa graphite, zimapangitsa kuti pearlite iwonongeke kukhala ferrite ndikufalikira mwachisawawa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti chitsulo chikasweke komanso mphamvu yake ichepe pang'ono pamene tinthu ta graphite timeneti timagawidwa mwachisawawa mu matrix yonse. Komabe, tingapewe kuyika graphite pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zomwe zimakhala ndi kukana kwakukulu komwe sikukhudzidwa ndi graphite. Kuphatikiza apo, titha kusintha chilengedwe mwa, mwachitsanzo, kuwonjezera pH kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chloride. Njira ina yopewera kuyika graphite imaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito chophimba. Kuteteza kwa cathodic kwa chitsulo choponyedwa.

Kodi kusintha kwa kaboni ndi chiyani?

Kutulutsa mpweya m'thupi ndi njira ya mafakitale momwe zinthu zachilengedwe zimasandutsidwira kukhala kaboni. Zamoyo zomwe tikuganizira pano zikuphatikizapo mitembo ya zomera ndi nyama. Njirayi imachitika mwa kusungunuka kwa madzi m'thupi. Iyi ndi njira ya pyrolytic ndipo imaonedwa kuti ndi njira yovuta momwe zinthu zambiri zamagetsi nthawi imodzi zimatha kuwonedwa. Mwachitsanzo, kuchotsa hydrogen, kuzizira, kusamutsa hydrogen ndi isomerization. Njira ya carbonization ndi yosiyana ndi njira ya carbonization chifukwa carbonization ndi njira yachangu chifukwa imachita zinthu zambiri mwachangu. Kawirikawiri, kuchuluka kwa kutentha komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kumatha kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa carbonization ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zakunja zomwe zatsala. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa kaboni m'zotsalira ndi pafupifupi 90% polemera pa 1200K ndi pafupifupi 99% polemera pa pafupifupi 1600K. Kawirikawiri, kutulutsa mpweya m'thupi ndi njira ya exothermic, yomwe ingasiyidwe yokha kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero la mphamvu popanda kupanga mpweya wa carbon dioxide. Komabe, ngati zinthu zamoyo zikumana ndi kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha (monga kuphulika kwa nyukiliya), zinthu zamoyo zidzatulutsa mpweya m'thupi mwachangu momwe zingathere ndikukhala kaboni wolimba.

Kujambula zithunzi (graphitization) kumafanana ndi carbonization

Zonsezi ndi njira zofunika kwambiri zamafakitale zomwe zimaphatikizapo kaboni ngati reactant kapena chinthu.

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa graphitization ndi carbonization ndi kotani?

Kusintha kwa graphitization ndi carbonization ndi njira ziwiri zamafakitale. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa kusintha kwa carbonization ndi graphitization ndikuti kusintha kwa carbonization kumaphatikizapo kusintha zinthu zachilengedwe kukhala carbon, pomwe kusintha kwa graphitization kumaphatikizapo kusintha carbon kukhala graphite. Chifukwa chake, kusintha kwa carbonization ndi kusintha kwa mankhwala, pomwe kusintha kwa graphitization ndi kusintha kwa microstructure.