Ma electrode apamwamba kwambiri a graphite agwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu izi:
1. Graphite amawumba kwa mosalekeza ndi theka-kupitiriza kuponyera zitsulo zopanda chitsulo
M'zaka zaposachedwa, njira zopangira zotsogola monga kupanga mosalekeza kosalekeza (kapena kosalekeza) kwa mipiringidzo kapena machubu opangidwa ndi chitsulo chosungunuka zalimbikitsidwa kunyumba ndi kunja. Njirayi yayamba kutengedwa ku China muzinthu monga mkuwa, ma aloyi amkuwa, aluminiyamu ndi zitsulo zotayidwa. graphite yokumba amaonedwa ngati zinthu zabwino kwambiri kwa mosalekeza kapena theka mosalekeza kuponyera zisamere pachakudya zitsulo sanali achitsulo. Kupanga mchitidwe watsimikizira kuti chifukwa kutengera graphite zisamere pachakudya, amene madutsidwe wabwino matenthedwe madutsidwe (matenthedwe madutsidwe limatanthawuza kulimbitsa liwiro la zitsulo kapena aloyi) ndi zabwino kudzikonda mafuta zisamere pachakudya, osati kuthamanga akuponya kuchuluka, komanso chifukwa kukula kwa inget ndi yolondola, pamwamba ndi yosalala, ndi ndondomeko crystalline ndi yunifolomu. Izi sizimangowonjezera zokolola za zinthu zomalizidwa komanso zimachepetsa kutayika kwa zinyalala, komanso zimapangitsa kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya njira mosalekeza kuponyera: ofukula mosalekeza kuponyera ndi yopingasa mosalekeza kuponyera.
2. Amaumba pofuna kuponyera kuthamanga
Zipangizo za graphite zopanga zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pakuponyera zitsulo zopanda chitsulo. Mwachitsanzo, zinc alloy ndi copper alloy castings opangidwa ndi nkhungu zoponyera mphamvu zopangidwa ndi zida za graphite zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'zigawo zamagalimoto ndi mbali zina.
3. Kukanikiza kotentha kufa
Mafa opangira ma graphite otentha amakhala ndi izi akagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka simenti ya simenti ya carbide:
Choyamba, ngati kutentha kukanikiza kumakwera kufika madigiri 1350-1450, mphamvu yofunikira ya unit ikhoza kuchepetsedwa mpaka 67-100 kilograms mphamvu pa centimita imodzi (ndiko kuti, gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi la kuzizira kozizira). Chachiwiri, kukakamiza ndi kutenthetsa kumachitika chimodzimodzi, ndipo thupi lopaka sintered limatha kupezeka pakapita nthawi yayitali.
4. Zoumba zopangira magalasi
Chifukwa cha kukhazikika kwa mankhwala a zida za graphite, kukana kwawo kunyowetsa ndi magalasi osungunuka, komanso kuti sasintha mawonekedwe a galasi, komanso kukana kwawo kwabwino kwa kutentha kwa kutentha ndi kusintha kwazing'ono ndi kutentha, zakhala zofunikira kwambiri nkhungu pakupanga magalasi m'zaka zaposachedwa. Atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nkhungu zamachubu agalasi, machubu amigongono, ma fanizi, ndi mabotolo agalasi owoneka bwino.
5. Sintering amafa ndi ena
Pogwiritsa ntchito mapindikidwe ang'onoang'ono amafuta azinthu zopangira ma graphite, zisankho za sintering ndi mabatani a transistors zitha kupangidwa. Tsopano imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndipo yakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwamakampani a semiconductor. Kuphatikiza apo, nkhungu za graphite zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga chitsulo chosungunula, zisankho zolimba zazitsulo zosiyanasiyana zopanda chitsulo, zitsulo zopangira zitsulo, zitsulo zosagwira kutentha (monga titaniyamu, zirconium, molybdenum, etc.), ndi zojambulajambula zazitsulo zopangira aluminothermic zopangira zitsulo zowotcherera, etc.
6. Zojambula za graphite zopangira centrifugal
Mold graphite yagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pakuponya kwapakati. Dziko la United States latengera nkhungu zopanga ma graphite zokhuthala kuposa ma milimita 25 popanga manja amkuwa. Pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka kwa nkhungu zopangira ma graphite, njira zina zotsutsana ndi okosijeni zitha kuchitidwa. Pambuyo poponya chiwerengero cha castings, ngati mkati mwa nkhungu imapezeka kuti yatenthedwa, kukula kwa dzenje lamkati la nkhungu likhoza kukulitsidwa kuti ligwiritsidwe ntchito poponya manja akuluakulu. Qingdao Mingyuan Fengyue Zatsopano Zatsopano ndi mtundu watsopano wabizinesi yokonza ma graphite yokhala ndi ufa wapamwamba kwambiri wa graphite monga thupi lake lalikulu komanso zida zapamwamba za graphite monga zida zake zotsogola. Yakhazikitsa maubwenzi ogwirizana kwanthawi yayitali ndi mayunitsi opitilira 200 apakhomo ndi akunja ndipo yayamikiridwa kwambiri ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri.
Nanometer graphite ufa amapangidwa kuchokera ku flake flake graphite ngati zopangira, kukonzedwa kudzera mu zida zapadera zophwanya makina ndi njira zapadera zopangira. Monga nanoscale graphite ufa, nanometer graphite ufa ali osiyanasiyana ntchito chifukwa cha tinthu tating'ono kukula, mkulu mpweya okhutira, ndi kwambiri lubricity mkulu, mkulu madutsidwe magetsi, mkulu-kutentha kukana, etc. Kuchuluka kwa nano-graphite ufa wagona m'minda kupanga mafakitale monga kondomu ndi madutsidwe.
Ma nanometer graphite particles ndi abwino ndipo ali ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono ka tinthu. Amapanga chotchinga cholimba komanso chosavala chosavala chomangika pazitsulo pamwamba pake. Atha kusakanikirana ndi zinthu zomwe sizimayendetsa monga ma resin ndi mphira ndi zinthu zapulasitiki kuti apange zida zophatikizika. Nanometer graphite imathanso kupangidwa kukhala zokutira zowongolera. Zovala zophatikizika zomwe zimapezedwa powonjezera ma conductive fillers zimakhala ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zokhazikika komanso zokhazikika. Lili ndi ubwino wa matenthedwe abwino a matenthedwe, magetsi abwino kwambiri komanso kukana kwa dzimbiri. Nanometer graphite ili ndi kukula kwa tinthu ting'onoting'ono, chiyero chapamwamba, komanso ntchito yapamwamba. Imakhalanso ndi mphamvu zambiri zamagetsi ndi ntchito zokometsera, komanso kukana kwa kutentha kwapamwamba, kukana kuvala, ndi kukhazikika kwa mankhwala a graphite ufa. Choncho, ntchito kukula kwa nanometer graphite ufa ndi lonse mu makampani.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ufa wa nano-graphite pakukonza mabatire osungirako ndikokwanira kwambiri. Kuwonjezera nano-graphite kumabatire ogwiritsidwa ntchito kumatha kuwonjezera mphamvu zawo zosungira mpaka 90% ya choyambirira ndikuwonjezera moyo wawo wautumiki kwa chaka chimodzi. Izi zimapulumutsa kwambiri mtengo wogwiritsa ntchito mabatire osungira komanso zimathandizira kwambiri pakuwongolera kuwononga kwa batire ndi kuteteza chilengedwe.
Graphite ufa uli ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana m'makampani. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo osiyanasiyana opanga mafakitale. Kugwiritsa ntchito mosiyanasiyana ufa wa graphite kumabweretsa mitengo yosiyana. Graphite ufa uli ndi zotsatira zabwino ntchito m'minda monga mafuta mafakitale, zitsulo, madutsidwe, ndi zipangizo refractory. Zinthu monga kugwiritsa ntchito, kukula kwa tinthu, ndi mtundu wa ufa wa graphite zingakhudze mtengo wake.
Magwiridwe a ufa wa graphite ndi osiyanasiyana, kotero pali mitundu yambiri ya ufa wa graphite. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ufa wa graphite ili ndi mitengo yosiyana. Flake graphite imatha kusinthidwa kukhala ufa wa graphite wamitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso kukula kwa tinthu kudzera mu zida zosiyanasiyana zophwanya ndi njira zopangira. Monga wopanga ufa wa graphite, mawonekedwe a ufa wa graphite opangidwa kuchokera ku 80 mesh mpaka 15000 mesh. Graphite ufa uli ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ndi kukula kwa tinthu, komanso mtengo wake. Pambuyo kukonzedwa kudzera njira kupanga, graphite ufa ali lubricity kwambiri, mkulu-kutentha kukana, madutsidwe magetsi, kukana dzimbiri, etc. Graphite ufa angathenso kugwira ntchito lolingana m'madera osiyanasiyana kupanga mafakitale.
Mitundu ya ufa wa graphite ndi: Flake graphite powder, ultrafine graphite powder, nano graphite powder, colloidal graphite, graphite yowonjezera, graphite yowonjezera, micro-powder graphite, etc., ma graphite powders onsewa amakonzedwa ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira, ndipo ntchito zawo ndizosiyana. Graphite ufa amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'minda yopanga mafuta opaka mafuta, mafuta olimba, ma graphite crucibles, njerwa za refractory, maelekitirodi a graphite, maburashi, ma elekitirodi opanda batire, ndi zina zonse zili ndi ntchito zabwino kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-15-2025