Ubale pakati pa zinthu zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala za ma electrode a graphite ndikugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zamagetsi zamagetsi

Electric arc ng'anjo steelmaking zachokerama elekitirodikupanga ma arcs, kuti mphamvu yamagetsi ingasinthidwe kukhala mphamvu ya kutentha mu arc, kusungunula ng'anjo yolemetsa ndikuchotsa zonyansa monga sulfure ndi phosphorous, kuwonjezera zinthu zofunika (monga carbon, faifi tambala, manganese, etc.) kuti asungunuke chitsulo kapena aloyi ndi katundu wosiyanasiyana. Kutentha kwamagetsi amagetsi kumatha kuwongolera bwino kutentha kwa ng'anjo ndikutulutsa mpweya wotayirira wochepa. Kutentha kwa ng'anjo yopangira zitsulo za arc ndikokwera kwambiri kuposa kosinthira.

Technology chitukuko ali ndi mbiri ya zaka 100 mu EAF steelmaking, ngakhale njira zina nthawi zonse kukumana ndi zovuta steelmaking ndi mpikisano, makamaka mkulu dzuwa mpweya steelmaking zimakhudza, koma gawo la kupanga zitsulo EAF steelmaking mu dziko linanena bungwe zitsulo akadali kukwera chaka ndi chaka. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, chitsulo chopangidwa ndi EAF padziko lonse lapansi chinali 1/3 ya zitsulo zonse. M'mayiko ena, EAF inali teknoloji yayikulu yopanga zitsulo m'mayiko ena, ndipo chiwerengero cha zitsulo zopangidwa ndi EAF smelting chinali 70% kuposa cha ku Italy.

Mu 1980s, kufalikira mu EAF zitsulo kupanga mosalekeza kuponyera, ndipo pang'onopang'ono anapanga "njira yopulumutsa mphamvu yopanga ng'anjo yamagetsi yamagetsi yosungunula yosungunula mosalekeza, ng'anjo ya arc imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zida zofulumira ngati zida zopangira zitsulo zopangira chitsulo cholimba kwambiri. Kusakhazikika kwa ng'anjo ya ng'anjo, magawo atatu amagetsi komanso kusakhazikika kwapano komanso kukhudzidwa kwakukulu pagulu lamagetsi ndi kafukufuku wa ng'anjo ya DC arc, ndikuyika mu ntchito zamafakitale pa First Century.cha m'ma 1990, DC arc ng'anjo ntchito 1 muzu wa elekitirodi graphite wakhala chimagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse mu 90s (2 ndi ena graphite elekitirodi DC arc ng'anjo).

Kuchepetsa kwambiri kumwa maelekitirodi graphite ndi mwayi waukulu wa DC Arc ng'anjo, mapeto a zaka za m'ma 1970, AC Arc ng'anjo pa tani mowa graphite elekitirodi mu 5 ~ 8kg, graphite elekitirodi ndalama ankawerengera 10% ya okwana mtengo wa zitsulo 15%, ngakhale anatengera chiwerengero cha 6 makilogalamu kupanga ma electrode graphite kapena mtengo wa graphite. ankawerengera 7% 10%, ntchito mphamvu mkulu ndi kopitilira muyeso mkulu mphamvu steelmaking njira, elekitirodi yak yafupika 2 ~ 3k.g / T zitsulo, DC arc ng'anjo yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito 1 graphite elekitirodi, graphite elekitirodi mowa akhoza utachepa kwa 1.5kg / T zitsulo pansi.

Malingaliro onse ndi machitidwe akuwonetsa kuti kumwa kamodzi kwa electrode ya graphite kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndi 40% mpaka 60% poyerekeza ndi ng'anjo ya AC arc.