Ubale pakati pa thupi ndi mankhwala a graphite maelekitirodi ndi kumwa ng'anjo yamagetsi steelmaking

Electric arc ng'anjo steelmaking zachokerama elekitirodikupanga ma arcs, kotero kuti mphamvu yamagetsi ingasinthidwe kukhala mphamvu ya kutentha mu arc, kusungunula ng'anjo yotentha ndikuchotsa zonyansa monga sulfure ndi phosphorous, kuwonjezera zinthu zofunika (monga carbon, faifi tambala, manganese, etc.) kuti asungunuke chitsulo kapena aloyi. ndi katundu wosiyanasiyana. Kutentha kwamagetsi amagetsi kumatha kuwongolera bwino kutentha kwa ng'anjo ndikutulutsa mpweya wotayirira wochepa. Kutentha kwa ng'anjo yopangira zitsulo za arc ndikokwera kwambiri kuposa kosinthira.

Technology chitukuko ali ndi mbiri ya zaka 100 mu EAF steelmaking, ngakhale njira zina nthawi zonse kukumana ndi zovuta steelmaking ndi mpikisano, makamaka mkulu dzuwa mpweya steelmaking zimakhudza, koma gawo la kupanga zitsulo EAF steelmaking mu dziko zitsulo linanena bungwe akadali kukwera chaka. ndi chaka. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, chitsulo chopangidwa ndi EAF padziko lonse lapansi chinali 1/3 ya zitsulo zonse. M'mayiko ena, EAF inali teknoloji yaikulu yopanga zitsulo m'mayiko ena, ndipo chiwerengero cha zitsulo zopangidwa ndi EAF smelting chinali 70% kuposa cha ku Italy.

Mu 1980s, ponseponse mu EAF zitsulo kupanga mosalekeza kuponyera, ndipo pang'onopang'ono anapanga "kupulumutsa mphamvu kupanga ndondomeko ya zinyalala preheating magetsi arc ng'anjo kusungunula ndi kuyenga mosalekeza akuponya mosalekeza, Arc ng'anjo makamaka ntchito mofulumira zida zidutswa ngati yaiwisi. zinthu zopangira zitsulo. Kuti mugonjetse kusakhazikika kwamphamvu kwamphamvu kwamphamvu ya AC arc ng'anjo ya arc, magawo atatu amagetsi ndi kusakhazikika kwapano komanso kukhudzidwa kwakukulu pagulu lamagetsi ndi kafukufuku wa ng'anjo ya DC arc, ndikuyika ntchito zamafakitale pa First Century.cha m'ma 1990, DC arc ng'anjo ntchito 1 muzu wa elekitirodi graphite wakhala chimagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse mu 90s (2 ndi ena graphite elekitirodi DC arc ng'anjo).

Kuchepetsa kwambiri kumwa maelekitirodi a graphite ndi mwayi waukulu kwambiri wa ng'anjo ya DC arc, kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, ng'anjo ya AC arc pa tani ya chitsulo cha graphite elekitirodi mu 5 ~ 8kg, ndalama za graphite electrode zidatenga 10% ya mtengo wonse. zitsulo mpaka 15%, ngakhale anatengera angapo miyeso, kuti graphite elekitirodi mowa unatsikira 4 6kg, kapena ndalama kupanga ndi 7% 10%, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu mkulu ndi kopitilira muyeso mkulu mphamvu steelmaking njira, elekitirodi yak yafupika. mpaka 2 ~ 3k.g / T chitsulo, DC arc ng'anjo yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito 1 graphite elekitirodi, kugwiritsa ntchito ma elekitirodi a graphite kumatha kuchepetsedwa mpaka 1.5kg / T chitsulo pansi.

Malingaliro onse ndi machitidwe akuwonetsa kuti kumwa kamodzi kwa electrode ya graphite kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndi 40% mpaka 60% poyerekeza ndi ng'anjo ya AC arc.