Ma phula a malasha, omwe ndi chidule cha phula la malasha, phula la malasha lopangidwa ndi phula ...
Cholinga cha kusungunuka kwa phula ndikuyika zinthu zomwe zili ndi malo ofanana owira mu phula m'zigawo zofanana kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito mopitirira muyeso ndikulekanitsa zinthu za monomer. Zotsalira za distillate zomwe zimachotsedwa ndi phula la malasha, zomwe zimapangitsa 50% ~ 60% ya phula la malasha.
Malinga ndi malo osiyanasiyana ofewa, phula la malasha limagawidwa m'magulu atatu: phula lofewa lotsika (phula lofewa), phula lapakati lotentha (phula wamba), phula lotentha kwambiri (phula lolimba), gulu lililonse lili ndi magulu awiri.
Bitumeni ya malasha imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo otsatirawa:
* Mafuta: Zosakaniza zolimba zitha kusakanikirana ndi mafuta olemera kapena kupangidwa kukhala slurry yogwiritsidwa ntchito, zitha kukhala gawo lolowa m'malo mwa mafuta olemera.
Utoto: Utoto womwe umawonjezera rosin kapena turpentine ndi zodzaza mafuta pophikira nyumba kapena mapaipi osalowa madzi. Ndi woyenera kapangidwe ka chitsulo chakunja, konkire ndi utomoni wosalowa madzi komanso wosanjikiza woteteza, ndipo ukhoza kupakidwa utoto ndi kupakidwa utoto kutentha kwa chipinda.
* Kapangidwe ka misewu, zipangizo zomangira: nthawi zambiri zimasakanizidwa ndi phula la petroleum, phula la malasha ndi phula la petroleum poyerekeza, pali kusiyana koonekeratu kwa ubwino ndi kulimba. Phula la malasha ndi losalimba bwino, kutentha kwake kuli kofooka, limauma nthawi yozizira, limafewa nthawi yachilimwe, ndipo limakalamba msanga.
* Chogwirizira: Chimagwiritsa ntchito ma electrode, anode phala ndi zinthu zina zogwirizira mpweya, nthawi zambiri phula losinthidwa. Nthawi zambiri, phula losinthidwa limapangidwa kuchokera ku phula lotentha kwambiri. Ku China, njira yotenthetsera ketulo nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo mpweya umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mafuta otenthetsera phula mu reactor. Pomaliza, phula losinthika lolimba limapezeka kudzera mu kulekanitsa ndi granulation.
* Asphalt coke: zotsalira zolimba za phula la malasha pambuyo poti layamba kugwedezeka kwambiri kapena kuchedwa kugwedezeka. Asphalt coke nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zopangira zinthu zapadera za kaboni, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri popanga zida zopangira ma semiconductor ndi solar panel. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati zinthu zopangira ma electrode poyenga aluminiyamu, zinthu zopangidwa ndi kaboni popanga zitsulo zamoto zamagetsi ndi zinthu zapadera zopangira kaboni za semiconductor.
* Needle coke: phula lofewa lokonzedwa bwino pogwiritsa ntchito njira zopangira zinthu zopangira, kuchedwetsa kukonzedwa, njira zitatu zophikira kutentha kwambiri, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga ma electrode ndi zinthu zapadera za kaboni. Zinthu zopangidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo zake zopangira zimakhala ndi kukana kochepa, kukana kutentha pang'ono, kukana kutentha kwambiri, mphamvu yayikulu yamakina komanso kukana kwabwino kwa okosijeni.
* Ulusi wa kaboni: ulusi wapadera wokhala ndi kaboni woposa 92% wopezeka kuchokera ku phula mwa kuyeretsa, kupota, kusakaniza ndi okosijeni, kaboni kapena graphitization.
* Mafuta opangidwa, mpweya wopangidwa, kaboni wakuda ndi ntchito zina.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-30-2022