Njira yolowera mu uvuni
Chogwiritsira ntchito kabotolo ndi choyenera kusungunuka mu uvuni wa induction, koma kagwiritsidwe ntchito kake sikofanana malinga ndi zofunikira pa ndondomekoyi.
(1) Mu ng'anjo yapakatikati yosungunuka pogwiritsa ntchito chotenthetsera cha carburizing, malinga ndi chiŵerengero kapena zofunikira zofanana ndi kaboni ndi zinthu zomwe zawonjezeredwa kumunsi kwa ng'anjo, kuchuluka kwa kubwezeretsa kumatha kufika pa 95%;
(2) kusungunuka kwa chitsulo chamadzimadzi ngati kuchuluka kwa kaboni sikukwanira kusintha nthawi ya kaboni, choyamba sewerani slag ya ng'anjo, kenako onjezerani chothandizira cha carburizing, kudzera mu kutentha kwa chitsulo chamadzimadzi, kusakaniza kwamagetsi kapena kusakaniza kopangira kuti kusungunuke kuyamwa kwa kaboni, kuchuluka kwa kuchira kungakhale pafupifupi 90, ngati njira yochepetsera kutentha kwa carburizing, ndiko kuti, mphamvu yokha imasungunula gawo la kutentha kwa chitsulo chosungunuka ndi yotsika, chothandizira chonse cha carburizing chikawonjezeredwa ku chitsulo chamadzimadzi, Nthawi yomweyo, chimakanikizidwa mu chitsulo chamadzimadzi ndi mphamvu yolimba kuti chisachoke pamwamba pa chitsulo chamadzimadzi. Njira iyi ikhoza kuwonjezera carburizing ya chitsulo chamadzimadzi ndi zoposa 1.0%.
Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino carburizing agent mu uvuni wa induction
1, kugwiritsa ntchito ng'anjo yamagetsi ya 5T kapena kuposerapo, zopangirazo ndi zokhazikika, tikupangira njira yowonjezerera. Malinga ndi zofunikira za kuchuluka kwa kaboni, malinga ndi chiŵerengero cha zosakaniza, chothandizira cha carburizing ndi chothandizira chachitsulo ndi gulu lililonse la zinthu kuti zigwirizane ndi ng'anjo m'gawo lapansi, wosanjikiza wachitsulo wothandizira carburizing wosanjikiza, kuchuluka kwa kuyamwa kwa kaboni kumatha kufika 90%-95%, chothandizira cha carburizing mu kusungunuka sichimasungunuka, apo ayi zimakhala zosavuta kuzikulunga mu slag, zomwe zimakhudza kuyamwa kwa kaboni;
2. Chotenthetsera chapakati choyambitsa mpweya cha pafupifupi 3T chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo zopangirazo ndi chimodzi komanso chokhazikika. Tikukulimbikitsani njira yowonjezera yapakati. Pamene chitsulo chosungunuka chasungunuka pang'ono kapena chatsala mu ng'anjo, chotenthetsera mpweya chimawonjezedwa pamwamba pa chitsulo chosungunuka kamodzi, ndipo mphamvu yachitsulo imawonjezedwa nthawi yomweyo. Chotenthetsera mpweya chimakanikizidwa mu chitsulo chosungunuka, kotero kuti chotenthetsera mpweya chimakhudzana kwathunthu ndi chitsulo chosungunuka, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kuyamwa kumakhala kopitilira 90%;
3, kugwiritsa ntchito ng'anjo yamagetsi yaying'ono yapakatikati, zipangizo zopangira ndi chitsulo cha nkhumba ndi zinthu zina zokhala ndi mpweya wambiri wa kaboni, tikukulimbikitsani kukonza bwino chopangira kabotolo. Chitsulo/chitsulo chosungunuka chikasungunuka, sinthani kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa kaboni, mutha kuwonjezera pamwamba pa chitsulo/chitsulo chosungunuka, kudzera mu kusakaniza kwa madzi achitsulo (chitsulo) kapena kusakaniza kopangidwa kuti kusungunuke ndikuyamwa chinthucho, kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa kaboni kumakhala pafupifupi 93%.
Njira yopangira carburization yakunja kwa ng'anjo
1. Thirani ufa wa graphite mkati mwa thumba
Ufa wa graphite ngati chopangira kabotolo, womwe umalowa mu 40kg/t, ungayembekezeredwe kuti upange kuchuluka kwa kaboni mu chitsulo chamadzimadzi kuchokera pa 2% mpaka 3%. Pamene kuchuluka kwa kaboni mu chitsulo chamadzimadzi kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, kuchuluka kwa kaboni komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kunachepa. Kutentha kwa chitsulo chamadzimadzi chisanafike kabotolo kunali 1600℃, ndipo kutentha kwapakati pambuyo pa kabotolo kunali 1299℃. Kabotolo wa ufa wa graphite, womwe nthawi zambiri umagwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni ngati chonyamulira, koma m'mikhalidwe yopanga mafakitale, mpweya wopanikizika ndi wosavuta, ndipo mpweya womwe uli mu mpweya wopanikizika kuti upange CO2, kutentha kwa mankhwala kumatha kubweza kuchepa kwa kutentha, ndipo mpweya wocheperako wa CO2 umapangitsa kuti kabotoloyo ikhale yabwino.
2, kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chosungunula mafuta
100-300 graphite ufa carburizing wothandizira akhoza kuikidwa mu phukusi, kapena kuchokera ku chitsulo chotulukira ndi madzi kulowa, pambuyo chitsulo kutuluka mu madzi anasonkhezeredwa mokwanira, momwe angathere kuti mpweya kuyamwa kusungunuke, mpweya kuchira mlingo ndi pafupifupi 50%.
Pogwiritsira ntchito carburizing agent, muyenera kusamala ndi vutoli.
Ngati nthawi yowonjezera ya carburizing agent ndi yoyambirira kwambiri, n'zosavuta kuilumikiza pafupi ndi pansi pa ng'anjo, ndipo carburizing agent yolumikizidwa ku khoma la ng'anjo si yosavuta kusakanikirana ndi chitsulo chamadzimadzi. M'malo mwake, kuwonjezera nthawi mochedwa kwambiri, kudzataya mwayi wowonjezera kaboni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nthawi yotenthetsera isungunuke pang'onopang'ono. Izi sizimangochedwetsa nthawi yowunikira ndi kusintha kapangidwe ka mankhwala, komanso zimaika pachiwopsezo kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, carburizing agent kapena mu ndondomeko yowonjezerera chitsulo pang'onopang'ono kuti chigwirizane.
Monga momwe zilili ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa zowonjezera, zitha kuphatikizidwa ndi ng'anjo yolowetsera pamene chitsulo chamadzimadzi chikuwotchedwa kwambiri, kuonetsetsa kuti nthawi yoyamwa ya carburizer mu chitsulo chamadzimadzi ndi mphindi 10, mbali imodzi kudzera mu mphamvu yamagetsi yoyambitsa ya carburizer imayamwa mokwanira, kuti zitsimikizire kuti kuyamwa kumachepa. Kumbali ina, kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni komwe kwabweretsedwa mu carburizer kumatha kuchepetsedwa.
Musawonjezere kamodzi kokha, onjezerani m'magulu, ndipo potsiriza sungunulani gawo, ikani gawo la chitsulo chotentha (pafupifupi paketi) mu thumba, kenako bwererani ku carburizer ya uvuni nthawi 1-2, kenako onjezerani slag, onjezerani alloy.
Pali zinthu zingapo zofunika kuziganizira:
1. Chothandizira kupopera mafuta ndi chovuta kuyamwa (popanda calcination);
2, kugawa tinthu ta phulusa tomwe timagwiritsa ntchito popanga carburizing agent sikofanana;
3. Kulowa mochedwa kwambiri;
4. Njira yolumikizira si yolondola, ndipo kulumikiza kokhala ndi zigawo kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pewani galasi lachitsulo lamadzimadzi ndi matope ambiri akawonjezeredwa;
5. Yesetsani kuti musagwiritse ntchito zinthu zambiri zozizira.
Makhalidwe a wothandizira wapamwamba kwambiri wa carburizing
1, kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi kocheperako, porosity ndi yayikulu, liwiro la kuyamwa ndi lachangu.
2. Kapangidwe ka mankhwala oyera, mpweya wambiri, sulfure yochepa, zigawo zazing'ono kwambiri zovulaza, kuchuluka kwa kuyamwa kwa zinthu.
3, kapangidwe ka kristalo ka graphite ndi kabwino, kumawonjezera luso lopangira chitsulo chamadzimadzi choyambirira. Kuonjezera chiwerengero cha tinthu ta chitsulo tokhala ndi ma nodules mu katemera, ndikuwonjezera nucleus ya graphite mu chitsulo chamadzimadzi chamagetsi. Kuyeretsa ndi kugawa bwino inki yakale mu zinthu zopangidwa ndi zinthu zakale.
4. Kuchita bwino kwambiri komanso kukhazikika.
Kusankha chotsukira cha carburizing choyenera kumathandiza kuchepetsa ndalama zopangira smelting, kukonza ubwino wa chitsulo chosungunula ndi castings, kotero kuti chomera chosungunula, kuponyera
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-02-2022