1. ZINTHU ZINA
Coke (pafupifupi 75-80% muzinthu)
Mafuta a Coke
Mafuta a coke ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri, ndipo amapangidwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana, kuchokera ku singano ya anisotropic mpaka pafupifupi isotropic fluid coke. The kwambiri anisotropic singano coke, chifukwa kamangidwe kake, n'kofunika kwambiri popanga maelekitirodi mkulu-performance ntchito mu ng'anjo magetsi arc, kumene mlingo wapamwamba kwambiri magetsi, makina ndi matenthedwe kunyamula katundu mphamvu. Petroleum coke amapangidwa kokha chifukwa cha kuchedwa kophika, yomwe ndi njira yochepetsera pang'onopang'ono ya zotsalira za mafuta osakanizika.
Needle coke ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kutanthauza mtundu wapadera wa coke wokhala ndi luso lojambula kwambiri chifukwa cha kalozera wake wokhazikika wa turbostratic wosanjikiza wake komanso mawonekedwe ake enieni a njerezo.
Zomangira (pafupifupi 20-25% zomwe zili)
Phukusi la malasha
Kumanga wothandizila ntchito agglomerate olimba particles wina ndi mzake. Kuthekera kwawo konyowa kwakukulu motero kumasintha kusakaniza kukhala pulasitiki yamtundu wotsatira kapena kutulutsa.
Phula la phula la malasha ndilopangidwa ndi organic ndipo lili ndi kafungo kake. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake kwa mphete zosinthidwa komanso zopindika za benzene, ili kale ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a hexagonal lattice a graphite, motero imathandizira kupanga madera okonzedwa bwino panthawi ya graphitisation. Pitch imakhala yothandiza kwambiri. Ndilo chotsalira cha distillation cha phula la malasha.
2. KUSAKANITSA NDI KUCHOTSA
Coke yogayidwa imasakanizidwa ndi phula la malasha ndi zina zowonjezera kupanga phala lofanana. Izi zimabweretsedwa mu silinda ya extrusion. Mu sitepe yoyamba mpweya uyenera kuchotsedwa ndi prepressing. Kuposa chenicheni extrusion sitepe amatsatira kumene osakaniza ndi extruded kupanga elekitirodi wa m'mimba mwake ankafuna ndi kutalika. Kuti athe kusanganikirana makamaka njira extrusion (onani chithunzi kumanja) osakaniza ayenera kukhala viscous. Izi zimatheka pozisunga pa kutentha kwa pafupifupi pafupifupi. 120 ° C (malingana ndi phula) panthawi yonse yopangira zobiriwira. Mawonekedwe ofunikira awa okhala ndi mawonekedwe a cylindrical amadziwika kuti "green electrode".
3. KUPITA
Mitundu iwiri ya ng'anjo zophikira zikugwiritsidwa ntchito:
Apa ndodo zowonjezera zimayikidwa muzitsulo zachitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri (saggers). Pofuna kupewa kusinthika kwa ma electrode panthawi yotentha, ma saggers amadzazidwanso ndi chophimba choteteza mchenga. Ma sagger amanyamulidwa pamapulatifomu a njanji (pansi pagalimoto) ndikugubuduza mu gasi wachilengedwe - ng'anjo zoyaka moto.
Ng'anjo ya mphete
Apa ma elekitirodi amayikidwa mu mwala wobisala pansi pa holo yopangira. Khomo ili ndi gawo la dongosolo la mphete la zipinda zopitilira 10. Zipindazi zimalumikizidwa pamodzi ndi makina oyendetsa mpweya wotentha kuti apulumutse mphamvu. Ma voids pakati pa maelekitirodi amadzazidwanso ndi mchenga kuti asawonongeke. Panthawi yophika, pamene phula limakhala la carbonized, kutentha kumayenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala chifukwa pa kutentha mpaka 800 ° C mpweya wothamanga kwambiri ungayambitse kusweka kwa electrode.
Mu gawo ili maelekitirodi ndi kachulukidwe padziko 1,55 - 1,60 makilogalamu/dm3.
4. KUtengeka pakati
Maelekitirodi ophikidwa amapangidwa ndi phula lapadera (madzi amadzimadzi pa 200 ° C) kuti awapatse mphamvu zambiri, mphamvu zamakina, ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zidzafunikire kupirira zovuta zogwirira ntchito mkati mwa ng'anjo.
5. KUPEKAnso
Kuphika kwachiwiri, kapena "kuphikanso," kumafunika kuti mpweya umalowa m'mimba ndikuchotsa zotsalira zilizonse. Kutentha kwapakati kumafika pafupifupi 750 ° C. Mu gawo ili ma elekitirodi akhoza kufika kachulukidwe mozungulira 1,67 - 1,74 kg/dm3.
6. KUGWIRITSA NTCHITO
Acheson Furnace
Gawo lomaliza la kupanga ma graphite ndikutembenuza mpweya wowotcha kukhala graphite, wotchedwa graphitizing. Pa ndondomeko graphitizing, kwambiri kapena zochepa pre-analamula mpweya (turbostratic mpweya) n'kukhala atatu dimensionally analamula graphite dongosolo.
Ma elekitirodi amadzaza mu ng'anjo zamagetsi zozunguliridwa ndi tinthu ta carbon kuti tipange misa yolimba. Mphamvu yamagetsi imadutsa mung'anjo, kukweza kutentha kufika pafupifupi 3000 ° C. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatheka pogwiritsa ntchito ng'anjo ya ACHESON kapena NG'ARA YOLALIRA (LWG).
Ndi ng'anjo ya Acheson maelekitirodi amajambula pogwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko ya batch, pamene mu ng'anjo ya LWG gawo lonse la graphitized nthawi yomweyo.
7. KUCHITA
Ma electrode a graphite (pambuyo kuzirala) amapangidwa kuti akhale ndi miyeso yeniyeni ndi kulolerana. Gawoli lingaphatikizeponso kukonza ndikuyika malekezero (mabokosi) a maelekitirodi okhala ndi pini ya graphite (nipple) yolumikizira.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-08-2021