Mwatsatanetsatane njira yaukadaulo ya graphite electrode

Zipangizo zopangira: Kodi zipangizo zopangira mpweya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mpweya ndi ziti?

Pakupanga kaboni, zinthu zopangira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: zinthu zopangira kaboni zolimba, zomangira ndi zoyikamo.
Zipangizo zopangira mpweya wolimba zimaphatikizapo petroleum coke, bituminous coke, metallurgical coke, anthracite, natural graphite ndi graphite scrap, ndi zina zotero.
Chogwirizira ndi chothandizira kuyikamo zinthu ndi monga phula la malasha, phula la malasha, mafuta a anthracene ndi utomoni wopangidwa, ndi zina zotero.
Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zina zothandizira monga mchenga wa quartz, tinthu ta coke tachitsulo ndi ufa wa coke zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga.
Zinthu zina zapadera za kaboni ndi graphite (monga carbon fiber, activated carbon, pyrolytic carbon ndi pyrolytic graphite, galasi carbon) zimapangidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo zina zapadera.

Kuchuluka kwa calcium: Kodi calcination ndi chiyani? Ndi zinthu ziti zopangira zomwe ziyenera kuchulukitsidwa?

Kutentha kwakukulu kwa zinthu zopangira mpweya zomwe zili kutali ndi mpweya (1200-1500°C)
Njira yochizira kutentha imatchedwa calcination.
Kukonza kaboni ndi njira yoyamba yochizira kutentha popanga kaboni. Kukonza kaboni kumayambitsa kusintha kwa kapangidwe kake ndi kagwiridwe kake ka mankhwala a mitundu yonse ya zinthu zopangira kaboni.
Anthracite ndi petroleum coke zonse zili ndi zinthu zinazake zosinthasintha ndipo ziyenera kusinthidwa kukhala calcium.
Kutentha kwa bituminous coke ndi metallurgical coke komwe kumapangidwa ndi coke kumakhala kokwera kwambiri (kupitirira 1000°C), komwe kuli kofanana ndi kutentha kwa ng'anjo ya calcining mu chomera cha carbon. Sichingathenso calcination ndipo chimangofunika kuumitsidwa ndi chinyezi.
Komabe, ngati bituminous coke ndi petroleum coke zigwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi musanagwiritse ntchito calcin, ziyenera kutumizidwa ku calciner kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pamodzi ndi petroleum coke.
Graphite yachilengedwe ndi kaboni wakuda sizifuna calcination.
Kupanga: Kodi mfundo ya kupanga extrusion ndi iti?
Chofunika kwambiri pa njira yotulutsira madzi ndikuti phala likadutsa mu nozzle ya mawonekedwe enaake pansi pa kukakamizidwa, limapindika ndikusinthidwa kukhala pulasitiki kukhala chopanda kanthu chokhala ndi mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwina.
Njira yopangira phala la extrusion makamaka ndi kusintha kwa pulasitiki.

Njira yotulutsira phala imachitika mu chipinda cha zinthu (kapena silinda ya phala) ndi nozzle yozungulira.
Phala lotentha lomwe lili m'chipinda chonyamulira limayendetsedwa ndi chopondera chachikulu chakumbuyo.
Mpweya womwe uli mu phala umakakamizika kutuluka mosalekeza, phala limapindika mosalekeza ndipo phala limapita patsogolo nthawi yomweyo.
Phala ikasuntha m'mbali mwa silinda ya chipindacho, phala imatha kuonedwa ngati kuyenda kokhazikika, ndipo gawo lozungulira limakhala lofanana.
Pamene phala lilowa m'gawo la nozzle yotulutsa mpweya ndi kusintha kwa arc, phala lomwe lili pafupi ndi khoma la pakamwa limakhala ndi kukana kwakukulu kwa kukangana mu provense, zinthuzo zimayamba kupindika, phala lomwe lili mkati limapanga liwiro losiyana la provense, provense yamkati ya provense isanafike, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mankhwalawo asakhale ofanana ndi radial density, kotero mu extrusion block.

Kupsinjika kwamkati komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha liwiro losiyana la zigawo zamkati ndi zakunja kumachitika.
Pomaliza, phala limalowa mu gawo la kusintha kwa mzere ndipo limatulutsidwa.
Kuphika
Kodi kuwotcha ndi chiyani? Cholinga cha kuwotcha ndi chiyani?

Kuwotcha ndi njira yotenthetsera kutentha komwe zinthu zosaphika zophikidwa zimatenthedwa pamlingo winawake pansi pa mkhalidwe wopatula mpweya mu chotetezera mu uvuni.

Cholinga cha thandizo ndi:
(1) Musamawononge zinthu zotentha. Pa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito phula la malasha ngati chomangira, pafupifupi 10% ya zinthu zotentha nthawi zambiri zimatulutsidwa mukakazinga. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zotentha nthawi zambiri kumakhala pansi pa 90%.
(2) Zinthu zosaphika zophikira zophikira zophikira zimaphikidwa motsatira njira zina zaukadaulo kuti zipange chophikira chophikira chophikira. Netiweki ya coke imapangidwa pakati pa tinthu ta aggregate kuti ilumikize bwino aggregate yonse ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tosiyanasiyana, kuti chinthucho chikhale ndi zinthu zina zakuthupi ndi za mankhwala. Pansi pa mikhalidwe yomweyi, kuchuluka kwa chophikira kukakhala kwakukulu, kumakhala bwino kwambiri. Kuchuluka kwa chophikira cha phula la kutentha kwapakati ndi pafupifupi 50%.
(3) Mawonekedwe osasinthika a geometric
Pakuwotcha zinthu zosaphika, kufewetsa ndi kusamuka kwa zomangira kumachitika. Kutentha kukakwera, netiweki yophikira imapangidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthuzo zikhale zolimba. Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe ake sasintha kutentha kukakwera.
(4) Chepetsani mphamvu yotsutsa
Mu ndondomeko yokazinga, chifukwa cha kuchotsa volatile, coking ya phula imapanga coke grid, kuwonongeka ndi polymerization ya phula, ndi kupangidwa kwa netiweki yayikulu ya hexagonal carbon ring plane, ndi zina zotero, resistivity inachepa kwambiri. Pafupifupi 10000 x 10-6 raw products resistivity Ω “m, pambuyo pokazinga ndi 40-50 x 10-6 Ω” m, amatchedwa ma conductor abwino.
(5) Kuchepa kwina kwa voliyumu
Pambuyo pokazinga, chinthucho chimachepa ndi pafupifupi 1% m'mimba mwake, 2% m'litali ndi 2-3% m'lifupi.
Njira yopangira: Nchifukwa chiyani zinthu zopangidwa ndi kaboni zimasungunuka?
Chogulitsa chosaphika pambuyo pokonza zinthu mokakamiza chimakhala ndi ma porosity ochepa kwambiri.
Komabe, akawotcha zinthu zosaphika, gawo lina la phula la malasha limasungunuka kukhala mpweya ndikutuluka, ndipo gawo lina limaphikidwa kukhala bituminous coke.
Kuchuluka kwa bituminous coke yopangidwa ndi chinthuchi n'kochepa kwambiri kuposa kwa bitumen ya malasha. Ngakhale kuti imachepa pang'ono powotcha, ma pores ambiri osakhazikika komanso ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi ma pore osiyanasiyana amapangidwabe mu chinthucho.
Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zopangidwa ndi graph nthawi zambiri kumakhala mpaka 25-32%, ndipo kuchuluka kwa zinthu zopangidwa ndi kaboni nthawi zambiri kumakhala 16-25%.
Kupezeka kwa ma pores ambiri kudzakhudza mosakayikira mphamvu zakuthupi ndi zamakemikolo za zinthuzo.
Kawirikawiri, zinthu zopangidwa ndi graphitized zomwe zimakhala ndi porosity yowonjezereka, kuchepa kwa voliyumu, kuwonjezeka kwa resistivity, mphamvu yamakina, kutentha kwina kwa okosijeni kumawonjezeka, kukana dzimbiri kumachepanso, mpweya ndi madzi zimalowa mosavuta.
Kuikamo mankhwala ndi njira yochepetsera porosity, kuwonjezera kuchulukana, kuwonjezera mphamvu yokakamiza, kuchepetsa resistivity ya chinthu chomalizidwa, ndikusintha katundu wa thupi ndi mankhwala a chinthucho.
Kujambula zithunzi: Kodi kujambula zithunzi ndi chiyani?
Kodi cholinga cha graphitization ndi chiyani?
Kupaka utoto ndi njira yotenthetsera kutentha kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zophikidwa kuti zitenthe kutentha kwambiri mu ng'anjo yotetezera ya graphitization kuti gridi ya atomu ya kaboni ya hexagonal isinthe kuchoka pa kusakanikirana kosakhazikika mu malo amitundu iwiri kupita ku kusakanikirana bwino mu malo amitundu itatu komanso okhala ndi kapangidwe ka graphite.

Zolinga zake ndi izi:
(1) Kuwongolera kutentha ndi mphamvu zamagetsi za chinthucho.
(2) Kuwongolera kukana kutentha ndi kukhazikika kwa mankhwala a chinthucho.
(3) Kuonjezera kukhuthala ndi kukana kukalamba kwa chinthucho.
(4) Chotsani zinyalala ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya chinthucho.

Kukonza Machining: Nchifukwa chiyani zinthu zopangidwa ndi kaboni zimafunika kukonzedwa?
(1) Kufunika kwa opaleshoni ya pulasitiki

Zinthu zopangidwa ndi kaboni wopanikizika zomwe zili ndi kukula ndi mawonekedwe enaake zimakhala ndi madigiri osiyanasiyana a kusintha ndi kuwonongeka kwa kugundana panthawi yokazinga ndi graphitization. Nthawi yomweyo, zinthu zina zodzaza zimamangiriridwa pamwamba pa zinthu zopangidwa ndi kaboni wopanikizika.
Sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanda kukonza makina, choncho chinthucho chiyenera kupangidwa ndi kukonzedwa kukhala mawonekedwe enaake.

(2) Kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito

Malinga ndi zofunikira za wogwiritsa ntchito pokonza.
Ngati ma electrode a graphite a ng'anjo yamagetsi akufunika kulumikizidwa, ayenera kupangidwa kukhala dzenje lokhala ndi ulusi kumapeto onse a chinthucho, kenako ma electrode awiriwa ayenera kulumikizidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ndi cholumikizira chapadera cha ulusi.

(3) Zofunikira paukadaulo

Zinthu zina zimafunika kukonzedwa m'mawonekedwe apadera ndi zofunikira malinga ndi zosowa zaukadaulo za ogwiritsa ntchito.
Ngakhale kukhwinyata kwapansi pa nthaka kumafunika.

Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-10-2020