Chidule cha msika: Kuyambira Januware mpaka Okutobala 2022, momwe msika wamafuta aku China ukuyendera bwino, ndipo mtengo wa petroleum coke ukuwonetsa "kukwera - kutsika - kukhazikika". Mothandizidwa ndi kutsika kwa mtsinje, mtengo wa petroleum coke pamapeto pake watsika, koma udakali wokwera kwambiri. Mu 2022, kupezeka kwa petroleum coke kudakwera pang'ono kuchokera kotala lapitalo. Komabe, chifukwa cha kukhudzidwa kwa Masewera a Olimpiki a Zima, kukwera kwamitengo yamafuta osakanizidwa padziko lonse lapansi, komanso kupewa ndi kuwongolera miliri, malo oyeretsera adachepetsa kupanga kotala yoyamba isanakwane. Kupanga kunachira pang'onopang'ono m'gawo lachiwiri, pomwe kuchuluka kwa mafuta obwera kunja kwa petroleum, kupezeka kwa sulfure wapakatikati ndi wamtali wa sulfure kumawonjezeka, kutsika kwa sulfure koloko kumakhala kolimba. Kupanga aluminiyamu electrolytic m'munsi mwa mtsinje zambiri anakhalabe kukula, ndi kudula mphamvu mu Sichuan, Yunnan ndi madera ena am'deralo zinachititsa kuchepetsedwa kupanga, ndipo mtengo zotayidwa zambiri khola. Kufuna kofooka kwa carburizer, ma electrode a graphite, komanso kuchuluka kwa zinthu za anode kwapangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana kwamitengo yamafuta apakati ndi otsika a sulfure petroleum coke m'malo am'deralo. Mafuta a petroleum coke akhudzidwa kwambiri ndi msika wapadziko lonse lapansi. Coke ya sulfure yochuluka yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga simenti ndi mafakitale ena yakhala ikugwedezeka kwa nthawi yaitali. Kutumizidwa kwa coke yamafuta a sulfure kuchokera ku chikhalidwe cha Saudi Arabia ndi United States kwachepa, koma kuitanitsa kwa coke ya petroleum ya ku Venezuela kwawonjezeredwa ndi kuchuluka kwa katundu wochokera kunja.
Mtengo zochita
I. Sulfur petroleum coke yapakatikati komanso yayikulu: Kuyambira Januware mpaka Okutobala 2022, mtengo wamsika wamafuta amafuta ku China udawonetsa "kukwera - kutsika - kukhazikika". Pofika pa October 19, mtengo wa petroleum coke unali 4581 yuan/ton, kukwera 63.08% poyerekeza ndi chiyambi cha chaka. Kuyambira Januware mpaka Epulo, chifukwa cha zinthu zingapo, monga zoletsa kupanga pamasewera a Olimpiki a Zima, zoletsa zoyendera chifukwa cha mliri, komanso kukwera kwamitengo yamagetsi padziko lonse lapansi yomwe idakhudzidwa ndi vuto la Russia-Ukraine, mitengo yoyenga malo oyeretsera idakwera ponseponse. . Chotsatira chake chinali chakuti mayunitsi ophikira a m’mafakitale ambiri oyeretsera anachepetsa kupanga, ndipo mayunitsi ena oyeretsera anasiya kukonza pasadakhale. Zotsatira zake, msika udatsika kwambiri ndipo mitengo ya coke idakwera kwambiri. Komanso, ena refineries m'mphepete mwa mtsinje kupereka zoipa kupanga sulfure petroleum coke, mtengo wa petroleum coke pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka pansi index yemweyo; Kuyambira Meyi, mayunitsi ophikira omwe adatsekedwa ndikuchepetsa kupanga ayambiranso kupanga motsatizana. Komabe, pofuna kuchepetsa ndalama, makampani ena oyenga mafuta agula mafuta otsika mtengo kuti apange. Zotsatira zake, chiwopsezo chonse cha mafuta amsika pamsika chatsika, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mafuta obwera kuchokera kunja kwafika padoko, makamaka kuitanitsa mafuta apakati a sulphur petroleum coke kuchokera ku Venezuela, United States, Russia, Canada ndi mayiko ena. . Koma makamaka mu vanadium. 500PPM ya petroleum coke yapakati komanso yayikulu ya sulfure, komanso mafakitale akumtunda wakutsika kwa aluminiyamu adawongolera motsatizana zinthu, vanadium yapamwamba (vanadium> 500PPM) mtengo wa petroleum coke udatsika kwambiri, ndipo kusiyana kwamitengo pakati pa vanadium otsika ndi high vanadium petroleum coke kunakula pang'onopang'ono. . Kuyambira mwezi wa June, pamene mtengo wa petroleum coke ukupitirira kutsika, mabizinesi otsika pansi a carbon alowa motsatizana pamsika kuti agule. Komabe, monga mtengo wa petroleum coke yaiwisi yaiwisi imakhalabe yokwera kwa nthawi yayitali chaka chino, kutsika kwa mtengo wamtengo wapatali kumakhala kwakukulu, ndipo ambiri a iwo amagula pakufunika, ndipo mtengo wa mafuta a sulfure apakati ndi apamwamba amasunga ntchito yodabwitsa.
Ii. Low-sulfur petroleum Coke: Kuyambira Januwale mpaka June, mphamvu ya anode yakula, kufunikira kwa msika kudakula kwambiri, ndipo kufunikira kwa coke yamafuta ochepa a sulfure kunakula kwambiri. Mu April, atakhudzidwa ndi kutsekedwa koyembekezeka kwa CNOOC refinery pofuna kukonza, mtengo wa mafuta otsika a sulfure coke unapitirizabe kukhala pamwamba; Kuyambira July, mkulu kutentha mphamvu maganizidwe, kunsi mtsinje zitsulo mphero msika ntchito ndi osauka, kuchepetsa kupanga, kuyimitsidwa kupanga, kutsika mtsinje graphite magetsi ayenera kukhala izi, kuchepetsa kupanga, mbali ya shutdown, zoipa chuma msika otsika sulfure mafuta coke mtengo thandizo ndi zochepa, mtengo wotsika wa sulfure coke unatsika kwambiri; Kuyambira Seputembala, Chikondwerero cha National Day ndi Mid-Autumn chafika motsatizana. Kutsika kwa mtsinjewo kwathandizira mtengo wotsika wa sulfure coke kukwera pang'ono, koma pakufika kwa zazikulu 20, kumunsi kwa mtsinje kumalandira katunduyo mosamala, ndipo mtengo wotsika wa sulfure wa petroleum coke wakhala wokhazikika, ndipo zosintha zina zapangidwa.
Pankhani ya coke yamafuta, mu 2022, mitengo yamagetsi padziko lonse lapansi ikwera, mitengo yakunja ikhalabe yokwera komanso yosasunthika kwa nthawi yayitali, mtengo wanthawi yayitali wa sulfure pellet coke udzasinthidwa, kutumizidwa kwa coke yamafuta a sulfure. kuchokera ku Saudi Arabia ndi United States zidzachepa, ndipo mtengo wa Venezuelan petroleum coke udzakhala wochepa kwambiri, kotero kuitanitsa kudzawonjezera msika. Mtengo wa coke otsika sulfure projectile ndi wokwera, ndipo chizindikiro chofunikila cha petroleum coke pamsika wamafuta agalasi chasinthidwa.
Mbali yopereka
1. Kuthekera kwa mayunitsi ochedwa kuphika kunawonjezeka pang'ono kuyambira Januwale mpaka Okutobala mu 2022. Kusintha kwamphamvu kudakhazikika mu Seputembala, pomwe gawo la matani 500,000 / chaka ku Shandong adayimitsidwa ndi seti ya matani 1.2 miliyoni / chaka. Kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa China adayikidwa pakupanga.
Ii. Kupanga kwa mafuta a Coke ku China mu Januware-Seputembala 2022 kudakwera ndi 2.13% poyerekeza ndi Januware-Seputembara 2021, pomwe kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kunali matani 2,773,600, kuwonjezeka kwa 14.88% poyerekeza ndi nthawi yomweyi mu 2021, makamaka chifukwa mphamvu yopanga mayunitsi awiri atsopano ophika ku Shandong idakhazikitsidwa ndikuyambiranso mu June 2021 ndi Novembala 2021, motsatana. Mafuta a coke pamsika adakula kwambiri; Komabe, mchaka chonsecho, kuchulukirachulukira kwa mafuta opangira mafuta a petroleum kumakhala makamaka pamafuta amafuta a sulfure, makamaka chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwamafuta osakanizidwa komanso kukwera kwa mtengo woyenga m'malo oyenga. Malo ena oyeretsera amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta otsika mtengo kuti achepetse mtengo, ndipo mafuta a petroleum coke amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chopangidwa ndi coking unit, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa msika wonse wamafuta a coke. Malinga ndi ziwerengero za Yinfu, kupanga mafuta apakati komanso apamwamba a sulfure mu Januware-Seputembala 2022 kudakwera ndi 2.38% poyerekeza ndi Januware-Seputembala 2021.
Iii. Kuchuluka kwa mafuta a petroleum coke ochokera kunja kuyambira Januware mpaka Ogasiti 2022 ndi matani 9.1273 miliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi 5.16%. Malingana ndi Bacuan Yinfu, kuchuluka kwa mafuta a petroleum coke akuyembekezeredwa kupitiriza kuwonjezeka kuyambira September mpaka kumapeto kwa chaka, ndipo kutumizidwa kwa mafuta a petroleum coke kukuyembekezeka kupitiriza kuwonjezeka.
Mbali yofunika
I. Pankhani ya msika wa aluminiyamu wa carbon, mtengo wa aluminiyumu ya electrolytic kumapeto kwa mzerewu wasintha mpaka pakati pa 18,000-19000 yuan / tani, ndipo malo onse opindula a mafakitale a electrolytic aluminiyamu akadalipo. Msika wakumunsi wa aluminiyamu wa carbon dioxide umayamba kugwira ntchito pamlingo wanthawi yayitali, ndipo msika wonse uli ndi kufunikira kwabwino kwa petroleum coke. Komabe, zimatengera kugulitsa kwa "kusintha kwamtengo umodzi pamwezi", kuphatikiza kukwera kwamitengo yayitali kwa petroleum coke yaiwisi yaiwisi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chiwongola dzanja chokulirapo komanso makamaka pakugula zinthu.
Msika wakumunsi wa graphite electrode umagulidwa makamaka pakufunika. Kuyambira July mpaka August, chifukwa cha kutentha kwakukulu, misika ina yachitsulo imadula kupanga kapena kuimitsa kupanga. Mbali yoperekera mabizinesi a graphite electrode idachepetsa kupanga, zomwe zidapangitsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwa msika wama graphite electrode. Kufuna kwa msika wa Carburizer ndikokhazikika; Boma limathandizira kwambiri chitukuko cha mafakitale atsopano a mphamvu. Kuthekera kopanga msika wazinthu za anode kwakula mwachangu, ndipo kufunikira kwa petroleum coke kwakula kwambiri. Pofuna kupulumutsa ndalama, mabizinesi ena apanga njira zatsopano zosinthira mafuta otsika a sulfure ndi mafuta apakati a sulfur petroleum coke, motero amachepetsa ndalama.
Iii. Pankhani ya coke yamafuta, mtengo wamagetsi padziko lonse lapansi mu 2022 wakwera, mtengo wakunja wakhala wokwera komanso wosasunthika kwa nthawi yayitali, mtengo wanthawi yayitali wa sulfure pellet coke umalowetsedwa, ndipo magwiridwe antchito amsika ndi avareji, pamene msika wa sing'anga-otsika sulfure pellet coke ndi wokhazikika
Zoneneratu zamsika zamtsogolo
1. Malinga ndi momwe petroleum coke supply ikuyendera, msika wa petroleum coke ukuyembekezeka kupitilirabe, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mayunitsi opangira ma coking omwe angomangidwa kumene kumapeto kumapangidwa motsatizana. Zikuyembekezeka kuti mafuta apakati ndi apamwamba a sulfur petroleum coke adzalamulira, koma ambiri a iwo akuyembekezeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito paokha, zomwe zipereka zowonjezera pamsika. Kufuna kwa mabizinesi apakhomo a petroleum coke kupitilira kukwera, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mafuta obwera kunja kukuyembekezeka kupitiliza kukula.
2. Malinga ndi momwe kufunikira kwa kutsika kwa mtsinje, Bachuan Yinfu akulosera kuti kufunikira kwa mafuta a petroleum coke mumsika wapansi pamtsinje kudzapitirira kuwonjezeka kumapeto kwa 2022 ndi 2023. Mothandizidwa ndi mikangano yapadziko lonse komanso kuchepa kwa mafuta osakanizidwa ndi Saudi. Arabia ndi OPEC, mtengo wamafuta osakanizidwa ukuyembekezeka kukhala wokwera, gawo lamtengo wapatali limathandizidwa bwino, ndipo kutsika kwa aluminiyamu ya electrolytic kukuyembekezeka kupitiliza kukwera, ndipo kufunikira kwamafuta amafuta pamakampani kukupitilizabe kuwonetsa kukula. . Anode chuma msika ndalama zatsopano mofulumira, kufunika kwa mafuta coke akuyembekezeka kupitiriza kuwonjezeka; Mtengo wa malasha ukuyembekezeka kusinthasintha m'njira zomwe zingathe kulamulirika motengera ndondomeko za chuma cha dziko. Kufunika kwa msika wamagalasi, simenti, malo opangira magetsi, ma electrode ndi ma carburizing akuyembekezeka kukhalabe pafupifupi.
3. Ndondomeko zopewera ndi kuwongolera miliri zikuyembekezeka kukhala ndi chikoka chachikulu m'malo ena, makamaka kuletsa mayendedwe apagalimoto. Njira zophatikizira zowerengera mphamvu zamagetsi ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi zikuyembekezeka kukhalabe ndi zotsatira m'malo ena, ndipo zomwe zikuchitika pamsika zikuyembekezeka kukhala zochepa.
Ponseponse, zikuyembekezeka kuti kutha kwa 2022 ndi 2023 mitengo yamafuta a petroleum ikhalabe yokwera komanso yosasunthika. Akuyembekezeka kuti mtengo waukulu wa coke ya petroleum ndi 6000-8000 yuan/tani pa coke ya sulfure yochepa (pafupifupi 0.5% sulfure), 3400-5500 yuan/ton ya coke yapakati sulfure (pafupifupi 3.0% sulfure, mkati mwa vanadium 500), ndi wapakati sulfure coke (pafupifupi 3.0% sulfure, vanadium> 500) mtengo 2500-4000 yuan/tani, mkulu sulfure coke (pafupifupi 4.5% katundu wamba) mtengo 2000-3200 yuan/ton.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-14-2022