Ndi kukula kwachangu kwa magalimoto amagetsi atsopano padziko lonse lapansi, kufunikira kwa msika wa zida za lithiamu batire anode kwakula kwambiri. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, mu 2021, mabizinesi asanu ndi atatu apamwamba kwambiri a lithiamu batire anode akukonzekera kukulitsa mphamvu zawo zopangira pafupifupi matani miliyoni imodzi. Graphitization imakhudza kwambiri index ndi mtengo wazinthu za anode. Zida za graphitization ku China zili ndi mitundu yambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, kuipitsidwa kwambiri komanso kutsika kwamadzimadzi, zomwe zimalepheretsa chitukuko cha graphite anode zipangizo kumlingo wina. Ndilo vuto lalikulu lomwe liyenera kuthetsedwa mwachangu popanga zinthu za anode.
1. Mkhalidwe wamakono ndi kuyerekezera ng'anjo yoipa ya graphitization
1.1 Atchison negative graphitization ng'anjo
Mu ng'anjo yosinthidwa yotengera ng'anjo yachikhalidwe ya Aitcheson ng'anjo ya graphitization, ng'anjo yoyambirira imadzazidwa ndi graphite crucible monga chonyamulira cha zinthu zoipa ma electrode (crucible yodzaza ndi carbonized negative electrode yaiwisi yaiwisi), pachimake ng'anjo yodzaza ndi kutentha. kukana zinthu, wosanjikiza wakunja wodzazidwa ndi kutchinjiriza zakuthupi ndi ng'anjo khoma kutchinjiriza. Pambuyo pamagetsi, kutentha kwakukulu kwa 2800 ~ 3000 ℃ kumapangidwa makamaka ndi kutentha kwa zinthu zotsutsa, ndipo zinthu zoipa mu crucible zimatenthedwa mwachindunji kuti zikwaniritse kutentha kwakukulu kwa miyala yamtengo wapatali.
1.2. M'kati kutentha mndandanda graphitization ng'anjo
Mtundu wa ng'anjoyo umatengera ng'anjo ya graphitization yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma elekitirodi a graphite, ndipo ma electrode crucible angapo (odzaza ndi zinthu zoyipa zama elekitirodi) amalumikizidwa motsatana motalika. The electrode crucible ndi zonse chonyamulira ndi Kutenthetsa thupi, ndipo panopa amadutsa electrode crucible kupanga kutentha kwambiri ndi mwachindunji kutentha mkati negative electrode zakuthupi. Njira ya GRAPHITization sigwiritsa ntchito zinthu zokakamira, kufewetsa ntchito yotsitsa ndi kuphika, komanso kuchepetsa kutayika kwa kutentha kwa zinthu zokana, kupulumutsa mphamvu.
1.3 Gridi bokosi mtundu graphitization ng'anjo
No.1 ntchito ikuchulukirachulukira m'zaka zaposachedwapa, chachikulu amaphunzira Series acheson graphitization ng'anjo ndi concatenated luso makhalidwe a graphitizing ng'anjo, ng'anjo pachimake ntchito zidutswa angapo anode mbale gululi zinthu bokosi dongosolo, zakuthupi mu cathode mu zopangira, kudzera kugwirizana onse slotted pakati anode mbale ndime zokhazikika, aliyense chidebe, ntchito anode mbale chisindikizo ndi zinthu zomwezo. Mzere ndi mbale ya anode ya bokosi lazinthu pamodzi zimapanga thupi lotenthetsera. Magetsi amayenda kudzera mu elekitirodi ya ng'anjo yamoto kulowa mu kutentha thupi la ng'anjo pachimake, ndi kutentha kwaiye mwachindunji amatenthetsa anode zinthu mu bokosi kukwaniritsa cholinga graphitization.
1.4 Kuyerekeza mitundu itatu ya ng'anjo ya graphitization
The mkati kutentha mndandanda graphitization ng'anjo ndi kutenthetsa mwachindunji zinthu ndi kutenthetsa dzenje graphite elekitirodi. "Kutentha kwa Joule" komwe kumapangidwa ndi pano kudzera pa crucible electrode kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kutenthetsa zinthu ndi crucible. Kuthamanga kwa kutentha kumathamanga, kugawa kwa kutentha kumakhala kofanana, ndipo kutentha kwabwino kumakhala kokwera kuposa ng'anjo yachikhalidwe ya Atchison yokhala ndi kutentha kwazinthu zokana. Grid-box graphitization ng'anjo imakoka zabwino za ng'anjo yamkati yotentha ya serial graphitization, ndikutengera mbale yophika kale ya anode yokhala ndi mtengo wotsika ngati chotenthetsera. Poyerekeza ndi ng'anjo ya graphitization ng'anjo, mphamvu yotsegula ya ng'anjo ya grid-box graphitization ndiyokulirapo, ndipo kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu pamtundu uliwonse kumachepetsedwa moyenerera.
2. Kukula kwa ng'anjo yoyipa ya graphitization
2. 1 Konzani dongosolo la khoma lozungulira
Pakali pano, ndi matenthedwe kutchinjiriza wosanjikiza angapo graphitization ng'anjo makamaka wodzazidwa ndi mpweya wakuda ndi petroleum coke. Mbali imeneyi ya zinthu kutchinjiriza pa kupanga mkulu kutentha makutidwe ndi okosijeni kuwotcha, nthawi iliyonse Mumakonda kuchokera kufunika m'malo kapena kuwonjezera wapadera kutchinjiriza zakuthupi, m'malo mwa ndondomeko osauka chilengedwe, mkulu ntchito mwamphamvu.
Titha kuganiza kuti ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zapadera kwambiri komanso kutentha kwambiri kwa simenti yomanga khoma la ndodo, kukulitsa mphamvu zonse, kuonetsetsa kuti khoma lonse la ntchitoyo likhale lokhazikika pamapindikidwe, kusindikiza kwa njerwa nthawi imodzi, kupewa mpweya wochulukirapo kudzera pakhoma la njerwa. ming'alu ndi kusiyana olowa mu ng'anjo, kuchepetsa makutidwe ndi okosijeni kuyaka imfa ya insulating zinthu ndi anode zipangizo;
Chachiwiri ndi kukhazikitsa lonse chochuluka mafoni kutchinjiriza wosanjikiza atapachikidwa kunja kwa khoma ng'anjo, monga ntchito mkulu-mphamvu fiberboard kapena kashiamu silicate bolodi, Kutentha siteji imagwira ntchito yosindikiza ndi kutchinjiriza, siteji ozizira ndi yabwino kuchotsa kwa kuzizira kofulumira; Chachitatu, njira yolowera mpweya imayikidwa pansi pa ng'anjo ndi khoma la ng'anjo. Njira yolowera mpweya imagwiritsa ntchito njerwa yopangira njerwa yokhala ndi pakamwa yachikazi ya lamba, pomwe imachirikiza zomangira za simenti yotentha kwambiri, komanso poganizira kuziziritsa kwa mpweya wokakamiza m'gawo lozizira.
2. 2 Konzani mphamvu yokhotakhota potengera manambala
Pakali pano, mphamvu yokhotakhota ya ng'anjo yowonongeka ya electrode graphitization imapangidwa malinga ndi zomwe zinachitikira, ndipo ndondomeko ya graphitization imasinthidwa pamanja nthawi iliyonse malinga ndi kutentha ndi ng'anjo, ndipo palibe muyezo umodzi. Kukonzekera kokhotakhota kotentha kumatha kuchepetsa index yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ng'anjoyo ikuyenda bwino. NUMERICAL MODEL YA kuyanjanitsa singano IYENERA KUKHAZIKITSIDWA ndi njira zasayansi molingana ndi malire osiyanasiyana ndi magawo akuthupi, ndipo ubale pakati pa magetsi, magetsi, mphamvu zonse ndi kugawa kwa kutentha kwa gawo la mtanda mu ndondomeko ya graphHItization kuyenera kufufuzidwa, kuti kupanga chopindika chotenthetsera choyenera ndikuchisintha mosalekeza mu ntchito yeniyeni. Monga mu gawo loyamba la kufala mphamvu ndi ntchito mkulu mphamvu kufala, ndiye mwamsanga kuchepetsa mphamvu ndiyeno pang'onopang'ono kuwuka, mphamvu ndiyeno kuchepetsa mphamvu mpaka mapeto a mphamvu.
2. 3 Wonjezerani moyo wautumiki wa crucible ndi kutentha thupi
Kuphatikiza pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, moyo wa crucible ndi heater umatsimikiziranso mtengo wa graphitization yoyipa. Pakuti graphite crucible ndi graphite Kutentha thupi, kasamalidwe dongosolo kasamalidwe Mumakonda kunja, wololera kulamulira Kutentha ndi kuzirala mlingo, basi crucible kupanga mzere, kulimbikitsa kusindikiza kuteteza makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndi njira zina kuonjezera crucible yobwezeretsanso nthawi, bwino kuchepetsa mtengo wa graphite. inking. Kuphatikiza pa miyeso yomwe ili pamwambapa, mbale yotenthetsera ya grid box graphitization ng'anjo itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati zinthu zotenthetsera za anode yophikidwa kale, ma elekitirodi kapena zinthu za carbonaceous zokhala ndi resistivity yayikulu kupulumutsa mtengo wa graphitization.
2.4 Kuwongolera gasi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwa zinyalala
Mpweya wa flue womwe umapangidwa panthawi ya graphitization makamaka umachokera ku zinthu zosakhazikika komanso zoyaka zazinthu za anode, kuwotcha kwa kaboni pamwamba, kutulutsa mpweya ndi zina zotero. Kumayambiriro kwa ng'anjo ya ng'anjo, kuphulika ndi fumbi kuthawa chiwerengero chachikulu, malo ochitira msonkhano ndi osauka, mabizinesi ambiri alibe njira zothandizira zothandizira, ili ndilo vuto lalikulu lomwe limakhudza thanzi la ntchito ndi chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito pakupanga ma electrode oipa. Khama lowonjezereka liyenera kupangidwa kuti liganizire mozama za kusonkhanitsa ndi kuyang'anira bwino kwa gasi ndi fumbi mumsonkhanowu, ndipo njira zoyendetsera mpweya wabwino ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti kuchepetsa kutentha kwa msonkhano ndikuwongolera malo ogwirira ntchito a msonkhano wa graphitization.
Pambuyo mpweya chitoliro akhoza kusonkhanitsidwa mwa chitoliro mu kuyaka chipinda wosanganiza kuyaka, kuchotsa ambiri phula ndi fumbi mu mpweya chitoliro, zikuyembekezeka kuti kutentha kwa chitoliro mpweya mu chipinda kuyaka pamwamba 800 ℃, ndi Kutentha kotayidwa kwa gasi wa chitoliro kumatha kubwezeretsedwanso kudzera mu boiler yotentha ya zinyalala kapena chipolopolo chotenthetsera kutentha. Ukadaulo wotenthetsera wa RTO womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza utsi wa phula la kaboni ungagwiritsidwenso ntchito pofotokozera, ndipo mpweya wa phula wamoto umatenthedwa mpaka 850 ~ 900 ℃. Kupyolera mu kuyaka kosungirako kutentha, zigawo za asphalt ndi zosasunthika ndi ma polycyclic onunkhira a hydrocarbon mu gasi wa flue amathiridwa okosijeni ndipo pamapeto pake amawola kukhala CO2 ndi H2O, ndipo kuyeretsa kogwira mtima kumatha kufikira 99%. Dongosololi lili ndi ntchito yokhazikika komanso magwiridwe antchito apamwamba.
2. 5 ofukula mosalekeza zoipa graphitization ng'anjo
Zomwe tatchulazi mitundu ingapo ya ng'anjo ya graphitization ndiye ng'anjo yayikulu yopangira zinthu za anode ku China, mfundo yodziwika bwino ndikupanga pakanthawi kochepa, kutsika kwamafuta otsika, kutulutsa kunja makamaka kumadalira ntchito yamanja, kuchuluka kwa zodzichitira sikokwera. Ng'anjo yofananira yopitilirabe yoyipa ya graphitization imatha kupangidwa potengera mtundu wa ng'anjo ya petroleum coke calcination ndi bauxite calcination shaft ng'anjo. The kukana ARC NDI ntchito monga mkulu kutentha gwero kutentha, zinthu mosalekeza kutayidwa ndi mphamvu yokoka, ndi ochiritsira madzi kuzirala kapena gasification kuzirala dongosolo ntchito kuziziritsa mkulu kutentha zinthu m'dera kubwereketsa, ndi ufa pneumatic kuulutsa dongosolo. amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsa ndi kudyetsa zinthu kunja kwa ng'anjo. Mtundu wa ng'anjo ukhoza kuzindikira kupanga kosalekeza, kutayika kwa kutentha kwa thupi la ng'anjo kumatha kunyalanyazidwa, kotero kuti kutentha kwabwino kumakhala bwino kwambiri, zotulukapo ndi ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndizodziwikiratu, ndipo ntchito yonse yokhayokha imatha kukwaniritsidwa. The mavuto aakulu kuthetsedwa ndi fluidity ufa, yunifolomu digiri graphitization, chitetezo, kutentha kuwunika ndi kuzirala, etc. Amakhulupirira kuti ndi bwino chitukuko cha ng'anjo kuti masikelo kupanga mafakitale, izo anayambitsa kusintha mu gawo la negative electrode graphitization.
3 chinenero cha mfundo
Njira yamankhwala a graphite ndiye vuto lalikulu lomwe likuvutitsa opanga zinthu za lithiamu batire anode. Chifukwa chachikulu ndikuti pali zovuta zina pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, mtengo, chitetezo cha chilengedwe, digiri ya automation, chitetezo ndi mbali zina za ng'anjo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri nthawi ndi nthawi. Zomwe zikuchitika m'tsogolomu ndikupititsa patsogolo makina opangira ng'anjo yopangidwa mokhazikika komanso yokonzedwa bwino, ndikuthandizira okhwima komanso odalirika njira zothandizira. Panthawiyo, mavuto a graphitization omwe akuvutitsa mabizinesi adzakhala bwino kwambiri, ndipo makampani adzalowa nthawi yachitukuko chokhazikika, ndikupititsa patsogolo kukula kwa mafakitale atsopano okhudzana ndi mphamvu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-19-2022