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Asayansi akufufuza momwe angagwiritsire ntchito asbestos m'migodi kuti asunge mpweya wambiri wa carbon dioxide mumlengalenga kuti athandize kuthana ndi vuto la nyengo.
Asbestos ndi mchere wachilengedwe womwe kale unkagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chotetezera kutentha ndi choletsa moto m'nyumba. Ntchito zimenezi zimadziwika bwino chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zoyambitsa khansa, koma zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabuleki ena a magalimoto ndi matailosi a denga ndi denga m'makampani opanga chlorine. Ngakhale kuti mayiko 67 akuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangidwa ndi ulusi, United States si imodzi mwa izo.
Tsopano, ofufuza akuyang'ana kwambiri mitundu ina ya asbestos yokhala ndi ulusi, yomwe ndi zinyalala zochokera ku migodi. Malinga ndi Eos, khalidwe lapamwamba kwambiri lomwe limapangitsa asbestos kukhala yoopsa popumira limathandizanso kuti ikhale ndi zida zokwanira zogwira tinthu ta carbon dioxide toyandama mumlengalenga kapena kusungunuka mumvula. Lipotilo limafotokoza kuti malo okwera a ulusiwo amawapangitsa kukhala "ogwira ntchito bwino komanso osavuta kusintha" kukhala ma carbonates osavulaza akasakanikirana ndi carbon dioxide. Izi zimachitika mwachilengedwe asbestos ikakumana ndi mpweya woipa.
Malinga ndi MIT Technology Review, zinthu zokhazikika izi zimatha kutseka mpweya woipa kwa zaka mamiliyoni ambiri ndipo zatsimikizira kuti ndi njira yabwino yopezera mpweya woipa wambiri kuchokera mumlengalenga. Asayansi akuyembekeza kuti choyamba athetse mpweya woipa "waukulu" wochokera ku ntchito zamigodi, kenako ndikukulitsa khama lochepetsa mpweya woipa wochokera ku kutentha.
Gregory Dipple, wofufuza wamkulu pankhaniyi, anauza MIT Technology Review kuti: "M'zaka khumi zikubwerazi, kuchotsa mpweya woipa m'migodi kudzatithandiza kukhala ndi chidaliro komanso ukatswiri kuti tichepetse mpweya woipa. Ndipo migodi yeniyeni ikuchitika."
Malinga ndi woulutsa nkhani wa Kottke Ride Home Podcast, Jackson Bird (Jackson Bird) adanena kuti zinthuzi zikalowa m'nyanja kudzera mu madzi otuluka, mchere umalowanso m'madzi. Zamoyo zam'madzi zimagwiritsa ntchito ma ayoni awa kuti zipolopolo ndi mafupa awo zisinthe kukhala miyala ya laimu ndi zina. Mwala wa kaboni.
Kusunga mpweya wa kaboni ndi njira yofunikira yochepetsera kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa kaboni mumlengalenga. Popanda mpweya umenewu, sitingathe kukwaniritsa "zolinga zathu za mpweya wa kaboni" ndikupewa zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri za vuto la nyengo.
Asayansi akufufuzanso momwe angagwiritsire ntchito zinyalala zochokera ku mafakitale ena a migodi monga nickel, copper, diamondi ndi platinum kuti apeze mpweya wa carbon. Akuyerekeza kuti pakhoza kukhala zinthu zokwanira zoletsa mpweya wa carbon dioxide wonse womwe anthu atulutsa, ndi zina zambiri, akutero Bird.
Tsopano, zinthu zambiri zimakhazikika m'miyala yolimba yomwe sinakhalepo mumlengalenga, zomwe zimayambitsa machitidwe a mankhwala amenewo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake asayansi omwe amaphunzira za kuchotsa mpweya akuyesera kupeza njira zowonjezera kuwonekera ndikufulumizitsa yankho lochedwa ili kuti asinthe zinyalala za m'migodi kukhala cholimbikitsa champhamvu cholimbana ndi vuto la nyengo.
Lipoti la MIT limafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane kuchuluka kwa njira zomwe zinayesedwa pokumba zinthu, kuzipera kukhala tinthu tating'onoting'ono, kenako kuzifalitsa m'zigawo zoonda, kenako kuzifalitsa kudzera mumlengalenga kuti ziwonjezere kukhudzana ndi zomwe zimachitika pamwamba pa zinthu za carbon dioxide. Zina zimafuna kutentha kapena kuwonjezera asidi ku chinthucho. Eos inanena kuti ena amagwiritsa ntchito mabakiteriya kuti ayambitse zochita za mankhwala.
“Tikufuna kufulumizitsa njirayi ndikuisintha kuchoka pa mulu wa zinyalala za asbestos kukhala carbonate yopanda vuto lililonse,” anatero katswiri wa sayansi ya zamoyo Jenine McCutcheon, yemwe wadzipereka kusintha mipata ya asbestos yomwe yasiyidwa kukhala Magnesium carbonate yopanda vuto lililonse. Ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi okwera miyala amagwiritsa ntchito ufa woyera kuti agwire bwino.
Roger Aines, mkulu wa Carbon Program ku Lawrence Livermore National Lab, adauza MIT Technology Review kuti: "Iyi ndi mwayi waukulu, wosapangidwa, womwe ungachotse mpweya wambiri wa carbon dioxide."
Lipotilo likupitiriza kunena kuti ochirikiza njira yatsopanoyi akuda nkhawa ndi ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso zoletsa malo. Poyerekeza ndi njira zina zochepetsera mitengo monga kubzala mitengo, njirayi ndi yokwera mtengo. Ingafunikenso malo ambiri kuti ifalikire zinthu zatsopano zomwe zafukulidwa kuti ichepetse kwambiri mpweya woipa wa carbon, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukulitsa.
Mbalame inanenanso kuti njira yonseyi ingadye mphamvu zambiri, ndipo ngati siiyesedwa bwino, ikhoza kuchepetsa ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito mpweya womwe ikuyesera kupanga.
Pomaliza, pali nkhawa zambiri zokhudza poizoni wa zinthuzi komanso chitetezo chozigwira. MIT Technology Review inanena kuti kufalitsa fumbi la asbestos pansi ndi/kapena kulifalitsa mu fumbi kuti mpweya uziyenda bwino kwabweretsa ngozi kwa ogwira ntchito ndi okhala pafupi.
Bird adatsimikiza kuti ngakhale izi zili choncho, pulogalamu yatsopanoyi ikhoza kukhala "njira yabwino yowonjezerapo mayankho ena ambiri, chifukwa tonse tikudziwa kuti sipadzakhala njira yothetsera vuto la nyengo."
Pali zinthu zambirimbiri zomwe zilipo. Anthu ambiri amachita zomwezo, kapena zofanana kwambiri, koma mosiyana pang'ono. Koma zinthu zina zimakhala ndi mankhwala oopsa omwe angativulaze ife kapena ana athu. Ngakhale ntchito yosavuta yosankha mankhwala otsukira mano ingatipangitse kuda nkhawa!
Zotsatira zina za nyengo yoipa kwambiri zitha kuoneka - mwachitsanzo, theka la chimanga chathyathyathya ku Iowa chinatsala pambuyo poti Midwestern United States yakhudzidwa kwambiri pa Ogasiti 10.
Mtsinje wa Mississippi uli m'maboma 32 ku United States ndi madera awiri ku Canada, ndipo uli ndi malo okwana makilomita okwana 1.245 miliyoni. Shannon1/Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0
Zotsatira za muyeso wa flow meter zikusonyeza kuti kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni wosasungunuka (DIN) kuchokera ku boma la Mississippi kupita ku Gulf of Mexico kumasinthasintha kwambiri chaka chilichonse. Mvula yamphamvu imabweretsa nayitrogeni wambiri. Yosinthidwa kuchokera ku Lu et al., 2020, CC BY-ND
Kuyambira mu 1958 mpaka 2012, pazochitika zoopsa kwambiri (zomwe zimatanthauzidwa kuti ndi 1% ya zochitika zonse za tsiku ndi tsiku), kuchuluka kwa kuchepa kwa mvula kunawonjezeka. Globalchange.gov
Chigwa chachikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi chingagunde ndi South Georgia, zomwe zingabweretse chiopsezo chachikulu ku zinyama zakuthengo zomwe zimachitcha kwawo.
M'njira zambiri, nkhani ya ku Texas ya zaka za m'ma 1900 ndi kukhulupirika kwa boma ku mfundo yakuti anthu amalamulira chilengedwe.
Kuyambira kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha magalimoto ndi malole mpaka kutuluka kwa methane, mpweya wambiri womwe umayambitsa kusintha kwa nyengo umavulazanso thanzi la anthu.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-05-2020