[Needle Coke] Kusanthula kwa kuchuluka ndi kufunikira kwa needle coke ndi mawonekedwe a chitukuko chake ku China
I. Kuthekera kwa msika wa singano wa coke ku China
Mu 2016, mphamvu yopangira dziko lonse ya needle coke inali matani 1.07 miliyoni pachaka, ndipo mphamvu yopangira dziko lonse ya needle coke inali matani 350,000 pachaka, zomwe zinali 32.71% ya mphamvu yopangira dziko lonse. Pofika mu 2021, mphamvu yopangira dziko lonse ya needle coke inakwera kufika pa matani 3.36 miliyoni pachaka, pakati pawo mphamvu yopangira dziko lonse ya needle coke inali matani 2.29 miliyoni pachaka, zomwe zinali 68.15% ya mphamvu yopangira dziko lonse. Makampani opanga dziko lonse la China a needle coke anakwera kufika pa 22. Mphamvu yonse yopangira dziko lonse ya needle coke inakwera ndi 554.29% poyerekeza ndi 2016, pomwe mphamvu yopangira dziko lakunja ya needle coke inali yokhazikika. Pofika mu 2022, mphamvu yopangira needle coke ku China yawonjezeka kufika pa matani 2.72 miliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa nthawi pafupifupi 7.7, ndipo chiwerengero cha opanga needle coke ku China chawonjezeka kufika pa 27, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti makampaniwa akukula kwambiri, ndipo poganizira za dziko lonse lapansi, chiwerengero cha needle coke ku China pamsika wapadziko lonse chakhala chikukwera chaka ndi chaka.
1. Mphamvu yopangira mafuta ya singano coke
Mphamvu yopangira mafuta a needle coke inayamba kukula mofulumira kuyambira mu 2019. Kuyambira mu 2017 mpaka 2019, msika wa mafuta a needle coke ku China unali wolamulidwa ndi miyeso ya malasha, pomwe chitukuko cha mafuta a needle coke chinali chochedwa. Mabizinesi ambiri omwe analipo kale adapanga pambuyo pa 2018, ndipo mphamvu yopangira mafuta a needle coke ku China idafika matani 1.59 miliyoni pofika mu 2022. Kupanga kunapitilira kukula chaka ndi chaka. Mu 2019, msika wa graphite electrode womwe unali pansi unatsika kwambiri, ndipo kufunikira kwa needle coke kunali kofooka. Mu 2022, chifukwa cha mliri wa COVID-19 ndi Olimpiki Yachisanu ndi zochitika zina zapagulu, kufunikira kwachepa, pomwe ndalama ndizokwera, mabizinesi alibe chidwi chopanga, ndipo kukula kwa zotulutsa kukuchepa.
2. Kuchuluka kwa kupanga kwa singano ya coke yoyezera malasha
Mphamvu yopangira coke yoyezera malasha ikupitilirabe kukula chaka ndi chaka, kuchoka pa matani 350,000 mu 2017 kufika pa matani 1.2 miliyoni mu 2022. Kuyambira mu 2020, gawo la msika wa coke yoyezera malasha likuchepa, ndipo coke ya mafuta yakhala chinthu chachikulu cha coke ya needle. Ponena za kutulutsa, idapitiliza kukula kuyambira 2017 mpaka 2019. Kuyambira mu 2020, kumbali imodzi, mtengo wake unali wokwera ndipo phindu linasinthidwa. Kumbali ina, kufunikira kwa electrode ya graphite sikunali bwino.
Ⅱ. Kusanthula kufunika kwa singano ya Coke ku China
1. Kusanthula msika wa zinthu za lithiamu anode
Kuchokera ku zinthu zoipa zomwe zatulutsidwa, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zoipa zomwe zatulutsidwa chaka chilichonse ku China kunawonjezeka kuyambira 2017 mpaka 2019. Mu 2020, chifukwa cha kukwera kosalekeza kwa msika wamagetsi otsika, kuyamba kwa batri yamagetsi kwayamba kukwera, kufunikira kwa msika kukuwonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo maoda a mabizinesi amagetsi oipa akuwonjezeka, ndipo kuyamba konse kwa mabizinesi kukukwera mwachangu ndikupitilizabe kukwera. Mu 2021-2022, kutulutsa kwa zinthu za lithiamu cathode ku China kunawonetsa kukula kwakukulu, kupindula ndi kusintha kosalekeza kwa bizinesi yamakampani otsika, kukula mwachangu kwa msika wamagalimoto atsopano amagetsi, kusungirako mphamvu, kugwiritsa ntchito, mphamvu yaying'ono ndi misika ina kunawonetsanso kukula kosiyanasiyana, ndipo mabizinesi akuluakulu azinthu za cathode adasunga kupanga kwathunthu. Akuti kutulutsa kwa zinthu zoyipa zomwe zatulutsidwa kukuyembekezeka kupitirira matani 1.1 miliyoni mu 2022, ndipo malondawa ali mumkhalidwe wosowa, ndipo chiyembekezo chogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zoyipa zamagetsi ndi chachikulu.
Needle coke ndi kampani yotsogola ya batri ya lithiamu ndi zinthu za anode, zomwe zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi chitukuko cha msika wa batri ya lithiamu ndi zinthu za cathode. Magawo ogwiritsira ntchito batri ya lithiamu akuphatikizapo batri yamagetsi, batri ya ogula ndi batri yosungira mphamvu. Mu 2021, mabatire amagetsi adzakhala 68%, mabatire amagetsi adzakhala 22%, ndipo mabatire osungira mphamvu adzakhala 10% ya kapangidwe ka batri ya lithiamu ion ku China.
Mabatire amphamvu ndiye gawo lalikulu la magalimoto atsopano amphamvu. M'zaka zaposachedwa, ndi kukhazikitsa mfundo ya "carbon peak, carbon neutral", makampani atsopano a magalimoto amphamvu ku China adayambitsa mwayi watsopano wakale. Mu 2021, malonda a magalimoto atsopano padziko lonse lapansi adafika pa 6.5 miliyoni, ndipo kutumiza mabatire amphamvu kudafika pa 317GWh, kukwera ndi 100.63% pachaka. Magalimoto atsopano ku China adafika pa 3.52 miliyoni, ndipo kutumiza mabatire amphamvu kudafika pa 226GWh, kukwera ndi 182.50 peresenti pachaka. Akuyembekezeka kuti kutumiza mabatire amphamvu padziko lonse lapansi kudzafika pa 1,550GWh mu 2025 ndi 3,000GWh mu 2030. Msika waku China udzakhalabe ngati msika waukulu kwambiri wa mabatire amphamvu padziko lonse lapansi wokhala ndi gawo lokhazikika la msika wopitilira 50%.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-21-2022